Prevention mouth rinse
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Prevention Mouth Rinse: Efficacy and Applications
Cetylpyridinium Chloride (CPC) Mouth Rinse for Plaque and Gingivitis Prevention
Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) is a common ingredient in mouth rinses aimed at preventing dental plaque and gingivitis. A six-month randomized controlled clinical trial compared the effects of a 0.07% CPC mouth rinse with an essential oil (EO) mouth rinse on dental plaque and gingivitis. The study found no significant differences between the two groups in terms of overall gingivitis status, gingival bleeding, and plaque accumulation. However, a greater reduction in bleeding sites was observed for the CPC rinse compared to the EO rinse, indicating its potential effectiveness in reducing gingival bleeding.
Another study evaluated a 0.05% CPC and 0.05% chlorhexidine (CHX) mouth rinse during the maintenance phase after initial periodontal therapy. The results demonstrated that both CHX solutions, including the CHX-CPC formulation, significantly decreased plaque and gingivitis indices compared to the placebo, with the new CHX-CPC formulation showing reduced subjective side effects. Additionally, a systematic review confirmed that CPC-containing mouth rinses provide a small but significant additional benefit in reducing plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation when used as adjuncts to toothbrushing.
Preprocedural Mouth Rinses for Infection Control
Preprocedural mouth rinses have been proposed to mitigate the transmission risk of infectious diseases, including SARS-CoV-2, in dental clinics. A randomized clinical trial investigated the effect of various mouth rinses, including 0.075% CPC, on salivary SARS-CoV-2 viral load. The study found that hydrogen peroxide showed a statistically significant reduction in viral load, while CPC also demonstrated a reduction compared to the no-rinse group, suggesting its potential as a preprocedural rinse to reduce viral transmission.
Another review assessed the effects of preprocedural mouth rinses on reducing bacterial contamination in aerosols generated during dental procedures. The evidence suggested that CPC and other mouth rinses might reduce bacterial contamination, although the certainty of the findings was low to very low. The studies did not measure the incidence of infection among dental healthcare providers, highlighting the need for further research.
Fluoride Mouth Rinses for Caries Prevention
Fluoride mouth rinses have been extensively used to prevent dental caries in children and adolescents. A Cochrane review included 37 trials involving 15,813 participants and found that supervised regular use of fluoride mouth rinse is associated with a significant reduction in caries increment in permanent teeth. The review suggested that fluoride mouth rinses are effective in various settings, although the size of the preventive effect may vary.
Efficacy of Combination Mouth Rinses
A study evaluated a mouth rinse combining benzydamine hydrochloride and CPC (BNZ+CPC) in preventing de novo plaque formation. The results showed that the BNZ+CPC combination had a statistically significant plaque-inhibitory capacity compared to the placebo and an additive effect compared to CPC alone. No significant differences in gingival index were observed, and the combination was well-tolerated by subjects.
Conclusion
Mouth rinses containing CPC, fluoride, and other active ingredients have demonstrated efficacy in preventing dental plaque, gingivitis, and dental caries. CPC mouth rinses, in particular, show promise in reducing gingival bleeding and bacterial contamination in dental settings. Fluoride mouth rinses remain a reliable option for caries prevention in children and adolescents. Combination mouth rinses, such as BNZ+CPC, offer additional benefits in plaque control. Further research is needed to explore the long-term effects and optimal formulations of these mouth rinses for various preventive applications.
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