protein

Introduction

Proteins are essential macromolecules found in all living cells, playing a variety of roles from structural support to catalyzing biochemical reactions. They are composed of amino acids linked by peptide bonds and are crucial for numerous physiological functions and overall health.

Key Insights

Dietary Protein and Health:
- Adequate protein intake is essential for growth, development, and maintaining health. Undernutrition can lead to stunting, anemia, and weakened immunity.
- Recommended protein intake varies with physical activity: 0.8 g/kg for minimal activity, 1.0-1.6 g/kg for moderate to intense activity. Long-term intake of up to 2 g/kg is safe, but exceeding this can cause health issues.
Protein Sources and Quality:
- Animal proteins are complete sources, containing all essential amino acids, but may have health concerns due to saturated fats.
- Vegetable proteins can be combined to provide similar benefits as animal proteins, though they often lack one or more essential amino acids.
- High-quality proteins from sources like lean meat and milk are crucial for optimal health .
Technological and Nutritional Attributes:
- The nutritional value of food proteins depends on their source, extraction, and processing methods. Emerging protein sources like cultured meat and insect-derived proteins are being explored for their sustainability.
Protein Structure and Function:
- Proteins are composed of amino acids arranged in specific sequences, folding into unique structures that determine their function. They can act as enzymes, hormones, structural components, and more .
- The diversity in protein structure allows them to perform a wide range of cellular functions, from catalysis to gene regulation .
Protein Networks and Interactions:
- Proteins do not work in isolation but are part of complex networks of interactions. The role of a protein can be influenced by its position within these networks.

Conclusion

Proteins are indispensable for numerous biological functions and overall health. Adequate and high-quality protein intake is crucial, with recommendations varying based on physical activity levels. Both animal and vegetable proteins have their benefits and potential drawbacks, and emerging protein sources are being explored for sustainability. The structure and function of proteins are highly diverse, enabling them to perform a wide range of roles within cellular networks.

Summary

Introduction

Key Insights

Conclusion

Sources and full results

Dietary protein intake and human health.

Adequate consumption of high-quality proteins from animal products is essential for optimal growth, development, and health in adults.

Protein

Proteins play various roles in cells and are essential for maintaining health, playing structural, mechanical, biochemical, and cell signaling roles.

Food Proteins: Technological, Nutritional, and Sustainability Attributes of Traditional and Emerging Proteins.

Cultured meat and insect-derived proteins show potential for nutritional, technological, and environmental sustainability in food production, with potential for future food applications.

AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF SIMPLE PROTEINS

This paper presents a complete analysis of a single preparation of a protein, P-lactoglobulin, by the same group of workers, providing valuable data for understanding protein composition and structure.

Characterization Of Cellular Proteins

Cellular proteins are diverse, versatile components of living organisms, varying in size, shape, charge, stability, solubility, and other physical-chemical properties, and performing various cellular functions.

Proteins: Paradigms of complexity

Proteins are complex systems that enable study of the laws of complexity and serve as units for building living systems.

Electrostatics and dynamics of proteins

Proteins' electrostatic interactions control their structure and function, with continuum electrostatics providing a simple framework for understanding their complex behavior on various length- and timescales.

Lethality and centrality in protein networks

A single gene deletion in yeast is largely affected by the topological position of its protein product in the complex hierarchy of molecular interactions.

Protein - Which is Best?

A proper combination of animal and vegetable proteins can provide similar benefits to animal sources, with casein protein supplementation providing the greatest benefit for increased protein synthesis for prolonged duration.

On the Pattern of Proteins

The general uniformity among proteins of widely different chemical composition suggests a simple general plan in the arrangement of amino- and imino-acid residues.

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