Sartan drugs side effects

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Side Effects of Sartan Drugs

Sartan drugs, also known as angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), are widely used for treating hypertension and related cardiovascular conditions. While they offer significant therapeutic benefits, it is crucial to understand their potential side effects.

Common Side Effects of Sartan Drugs

General Side Effects

Sartan drugs are generally well-tolerated, but they can cause some common side effects. These include dizziness, headache, and fatigue, which are typically mild and transient . These side effects are often related to the drug's mechanism of action, which involves blocking the angiotensin II receptor, leading to vasodilation and reduced blood pressure.

Gastrointestinal Issues

Some patients may experience gastrointestinal issues such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. These side effects are less common but can occur due to the drug's impact on the gastrointestinal system .

Serious Side Effects

Carcinogenic Potential

Recent studies have raised concerns about the potential carcinogenic effects of sartan drugs. Specifically, there have been reports of patients developing multiple types of cancer, including cutaneous melanoma, colon carcinoma, and Kaposi sarcoma, after using valsartan combined with hydrochlorothiazide . The carcinogenic risk is thought to be associated with the presence of nitrosamines, which can contaminate these drugs during the manufacturing process .

Drug Interactions and Toxicity

When repurposed for treating conditions like COVID-19, sartan drugs may pose additional risks. Network-based bioinformatics studies have indicated potential off-target effects and undesirable interactions with other drugs, which could lead to toxicity and reduced drug efficacy . This highlights the importance of careful monitoring and evaluation when using sartan drugs for off-label purposes.

Conclusion

While sartan drugs are effective antihypertensive agents with a generally favorable safety profile, they are not without risks. Common side effects include dizziness, headache, and gastrointestinal issues, while more serious concerns involve potential carcinogenic effects and drug interactions. Ongoing research and vigilant monitoring are essential to mitigate these risks and ensure patient safety.

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Most relevant research papers on this topic

Research Progress in Pharmacological Mechanisms, Structure-Activity Relationship and Synthesis of Sartans.

Sartans show promise in treating hypertension and related pathologies, with potential for further research on novel Angiotensin Type 1 receptor antagonists.

2022·

5citations

·Ye-Fan Wang et al.

Current medicinal chemistry·

DOI

Network-Based Prediction of Side Effects of Repurposed Antihypertensive Sartans against COVID-19 via Proteome and Drug-Target Interactomes

Repurposing antihypertensive Sartans for COVID-19 treatment may have potential side effects, such as off-target effects, drug interactions, and reduced drug efficiency.

2023·

1citation

·Despoina P. Kiouri et al.

Proteomes·

DOI

NO-sartans: a new class of pharmacodynamic hybrids as cardiovascular drugs.

NO-sartans show vasorelaxing effects and antagonize angiotensin II, with potential antihypertensive effects similar to losartan and captopril.

2004·

39citations

·M. Breschi et al.

Journal of medicinal chemistry·

DOI

Drug Induced Cancers: Simultaneously Development of Cutaneous Melanoma, Colon Carcinoma and Kaposi Sarcoma under Valsartan/ Hydrochlorothiazide

The combination of Valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide may have a fatal, mutually potentiating procarcinogenic effect, leading to the development of three or more cancers simultaneously.

2020·

6citations

·G. Tchernev et al.

Journal of Clinical Research in Dermatology·

DOI

Understanding the molecular–pharmaceutical basis of sartan recalls focusing on valsartan

The main impurity found in valsartan recalls is N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), which can cause carcinogens and harm if consumed beyond acceptable daily limits.

Systematic Review

2020·

13citations

·Avik Ray et al.

Global Cardiology Science & Practice·

DOI

New NO-releasing pharmacodynamic hybrids of losartan and its active metabolite: design, synthesis, and biopharmacological properties.

New NO-sartans, with different NO-releasing rates, show potential for strengthening antihypertensive activity and providing additional effects, such as antiplatelet and anti-ischemic effects.

2006·

50citations

·M. Breschi et al.

Journal of medicinal chemistry·

DOI

Do sartans reduce the risk of cognitive impairment in the course of hypertension

Sartans may reduce the risk of dementia in patients with hypertension by improving cerebral blood flow, reducing oxidative stress, and inhibiting beta-amyloid deposition in the central nervous system.

Meta-Analysis

2013·

0citations

·J. Głuszek et al.

Arterial Hypertension

Sartan-AT1 receptor interactions: in vitro evidence for insurmountable antagonism and inverse agonism.

Sartans can act as both inverse agonists and antagonists at AT1 receptors, potentially affecting long-term cardiovascular remodelling.

Highly Cited

2009·

101citations

·I. Liefde et al.

Molecular and cellular endocrinology·

DOI

High-Affinity Interaction of Sartans with H+/Peptide Transporters

Sartans show high-affinity interaction with peptide transporters but are not transported themselves, but strongly inhibit hPEPT1-mediated uptake of dipeptides and cefadroxil.

In Vitro Study

2009·

47citations

·I. Knütter et al.

Drug Metabolism and Disposition·

DOI

Effects of angiotensin II receptor blockers on the course of the disease in patients with stable ischemic heart disease

Sartans can improve lipid metabolism, reduce total cardiovascular risk, and potentially reduce total cardiovascular risk in patients with stable ischemic heart disease.

Systematic Review

2022·

1citation

·A. Kochergina et al.

Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases·

DOI

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