Scirpus grosuss in reducing wastewater COD
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The Role of Scirpus grossus in Reducing Wastewater COD
Introduction to Phytoremediation and Scirpus grossus
Phytoremediation is an eco-friendly and cost-effective method for treating wastewater, leveraging the natural processes of plants to remove contaminants. Scirpus grossus, a native aquatic plant, has shown significant potential in reducing various pollutants, including chemical oxygen demand (COD), from different types of wastewater.
Effectiveness of Scirpus grossus in COD Reduction
Sago Mill Effluent Treatment
In a study focusing on sago mill effluent (SME), Scirpus grossus was used in both subsurface batch (SS) and free-surface batch (FS) systems. The SS system proved more effective, with the plant achieving a COD reduction of 88% over 80 days. This highlights the plant's robust capability in treating high-organic-load wastewater.
Domestic Wastewater Treatment
Scirpus grossus has also been tested in constructed wetlands for domestic wastewater treatment. A vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (VSSFCW) system with aeration showed that the plant could significantly reduce COD levels, with efficiency dependent on hydraulic retention time (HRT) and aeration rates. Another study demonstrated that a horizontal flow constructed wetland system planted with Scirpus grossus achieved up to 96.94% COD removal in short-term batching experiments.
Industrial Effluent Treatment
For industrial effluents, such as those from pulp and paper mills, Scirpus grossus has been effective in continuous pilot subsurface flow systems. Over a 95-day period, the plant achieved a COD removal rate of 66.1%, outperforming control systems without plants. Additionally, in batik wastewater treatment, a mixed culture of Scirpus grossus and Iris pseudacorus achieved up to 89% COD removal.
Restaurant Wastewater Treatment
In the context of restaurant wastewater, Scirpus grossus demonstrated a remarkable ability to reduce COD concentrations. An experiment showed that with a detention time of one day and a plant weight of 600 grams, the COD reduction reached 92.35%. This indicates the plant's potential for treating high-organic-content wastewater from food establishments.
Mechanisms of COD Reduction
The effectiveness of Scirpus grossus in reducing COD can be attributed to several mechanisms:
- Filtration and Adsorption: The plant's root system helps in filtering and adsorbing organic materials, thereby reducing COD levels.
- Microbial Activity: The rhizosphere of Scirpus grossus supports microbial communities that degrade organic pollutants, contributing to COD reduction .
- Nutrient Uptake: The plant absorbs nutrients from the wastewater, which indirectly aids in reducing COD by removing compounds that contribute to oxygen demand.
Conclusion
Scirpus grossus has proven to be a highly effective plant for reducing COD in various types of wastewater, including sago mill effluent, domestic wastewater, industrial effluents, and restaurant wastewater. Its ability to thrive in different constructed wetland systems and its multiple mechanisms for pollutant removal make it a valuable tool in phytoremediation efforts. The consistent results across different studies underscore its potential for broader application in wastewater treatment.
Sources and full results
Most relevant research papers on this topic
Utilisation of an aquatic plant (Scirpus grossus) for phytoremediation of real sago mill effluent
Simultaneous removal of ibuprofen, organic material, and nutrients from domestic wastewater through a pilot-scale vertical sub-surface flow constructed wetland with aeration system
Performance of continuous pilot subsurface constructed wetland using Scirpus grossus for removal of COD, colour and suspended solid in recycled pulp and paper effluent
Study of BOD and COD Removal in Batik Wastewater using Scirpus grossus and Iris pseudacorus with Intermittent Exposure System
Effect of wastewater depth to the performance of short-term batching-experiments horizontal flow constructed wetland system in treating domestic wastewater
TREATMENT OF METHYLENE BLUE IN WASTEWATER USING Scirpus grossus
Kemampuan Tanaman Mensiang (Scirpus grossus) dalam Menurunkan Kadar BOD dan COD Limbah Rumah Makan
Domestic wastewater reduction using constructed wetlands
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