Signs and symptoms
Pro Research Analysisby 
Searched over 200M research papers
Consensus Meter
Signs and Symptoms: A Comprehensive Overview
Dry Eye Disease (DED) Signs and Symptoms
Low and Inconsistent Correlation
Dry Eye Disease (DED) presents a diagnostic challenge due to the inconsistent correlation between clinical signs and patient-reported symptoms. A systematic review found that while 64% of studies reported statistically significant associations between signs and symptoms, only 24% of individual analyses showed significant correlations. Most correlation coefficients ranged between -0.4 and 0.4, indicating low-to-moderate correlation. This inconsistency complicates the monitoring and treatment of DED, highlighting the need for more reliable diagnostic measures.
Long COVID Signs and Symptoms
Common Symptoms
Long COVID, defined as symptoms persisting at least four weeks post-acute infection, commonly includes fatigue (37%), dyspnea (21%), olfactory dysfunction (17%), myalgia (12%), cough (11%), and gustatory dysfunction (10%). These symptoms can significantly impact quality of life and require ongoing medical attention.
COVID-19 Diagnostic Signs and Symptoms
Diagnostic Accuracy
COVID-19 symptoms such as fever, cough, and loss of smell or taste are critical for early diagnosis. However, individual symptoms generally show low sensitivity and high specificity. For instance, cough has a sensitivity of 62.4% and specificity of 45.4%, while anosmia has a sensitivity of 26.4% but a high specificity of 94.2%. Combining symptoms with other information like contact history can improve diagnostic accuracy.
Severe Dengue Signs and Symptoms
WHO Classification
The World Health Organization's severe dengue classification includes symptoms such as vomiting, abdominal pain, pleural effusion, and bleeding tendencies. A meta-analysis identified additional factors like comorbidity, dyspnea, and gall bladder wall thickening as significant indicators of severe dengue. These findings can help refine diagnostic criteria and improve patient triage.
Primary Tooth Eruption Signs and Symptoms
Common Symptoms
Primary tooth eruption in children is often accompanied by symptoms like gingival irritation (86.81%), irritability (68.19%), and drooling (55.72%). While these symptoms are common, they are generally mild and self-limiting.
Bipolar Disorder Prodrome Signs and Symptoms
Early Indicators
The initial prodrome of bipolar disorder includes irritability, sleep disturbances, and mood swings. These symptoms gradually increase in intensity as the disorder progresses. However, the specificity of these prodromal symptoms is low, making early diagnosis challenging.
Asthma Signs and Symptoms
Common Symptoms
Asthma symptoms include nasal congestion (61.57%), sleep disturbances (56.56%), breathlessness (50.31%), chest tightness (50.41%), and wheezing (46.97%). A combination of these symptoms is often used in diagnostic questionnaires to aid early diagnosis.
Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) Signs and Symptoms
Associated Symptoms
Women exposed to intimate partner violence often present with symptoms of depression, anxiety, and gynecological issues. These symptoms can serve as indicators for healthcare providers to identify and support IPV victims.
Acute Dyspnea Signs and Symptoms
Diagnostic Challenges
In cases of acute dyspnea, no single sign or symptom reliably rules out conditions like heart failure or pulmonary embolism. However, elevated jugular venous pressure and lung crepitations are useful for ruling in heart failure.
Conclusion
Understanding the signs and symptoms associated with various conditions is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. While some conditions like DED and COVID-19 present diagnostic challenges due to inconsistent symptom correlation, others like severe dengue and asthma have more clearly defined symptom profiles. Ongoing research and improved diagnostic criteria are essential for better patient outcomes.
Sources and full results
Most relevant research papers on this topic