Sitagliptin brand name
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Sitagliptin Brand Name: An Overview
Introduction to Sitagliptin
Sitagliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor used in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is known for its efficacy in improving glycaemic control and is available under several brand names globally.
Brand Names of Sitagliptin
Common Brand Names
Sitagliptin is marketed under various brand names, including Januvia, Glactiv, Tesavel, and Xelevia. These names are used interchangeably in different regions and by different pharmaceutical companies .
Mechanism of Action
DPP-4 Inhibition
Sitagliptin works by inhibiting the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). This inhibition increases the levels of incretin hormones, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), which play a crucial role in regulating blood glucose levels. By enhancing these hormones, sitagliptin helps to stimulate insulin secretion and inhibit glucagon release, particularly in response to meals .
Clinical Efficacy
Glycaemic Control
Clinical trials have demonstrated that sitagliptin effectively lowers glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and postprandial glucose (PPG) levels. It is effective both as a monotherapy and in combination with other antidiabetic agents such as metformin, pioglitazone, and sulfonylureas .
Weight Neutrality and Hypoglycaemia Risk
Sitagliptin is generally weight-neutral and has a low risk of causing hypoglycaemia, making it a favorable option for many patients. However, the risk of hypoglycaemia may increase when used in combination with other agents that are known to cause hypoglycaemia, such as insulin or sulfonylureas .
Safety Profile
Tolerability and Adverse Events
Sitagliptin is well tolerated, with most adverse events being mild to moderate in intensity. It has a low discontinuation rate due to adverse effects. Concerns about potential risks of pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer have been investigated, but no causal link has been established .
Cardiovascular Safety
The TECOS cardiovascular safety trial indicated that sitagliptin does not increase the risk of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) or hospitalization for heart failure, making it a safe option for patients with established cardiovascular disease.
Conclusion
Sitagliptin, marketed under brand names such as Januvia, Glactiv, Tesavel, and Xelevia, is a well-established DPP-4 inhibitor for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It offers effective glycaemic control with a favorable safety profile, including weight neutrality and a low risk of hypoglycaemia. Its cardiovascular safety further supports its use as a valuable treatment option for patients with type 2 diabetes.
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