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Understanding Skin Hives: Symptoms, Causes, and Detection
Introduction to Skin Hives (Urticaria)
Skin hives, also known as urticaria, are a common skin condition characterized by raised, red welts that can appear anywhere on the body. These welts, or wheals, can vary in size from small dots to large patches and are often accompanied by severe itching, stinging, or burning sensations1 5. Hives can appear suddenly and typically last from a few hours to a couple of days before disappearing without a trace5.
Causes and Triggers of Hives
Hives are often caused by an allergic reaction, but they can also be triggered by other factors such as exercise, hot showers, sweating, and anxiety. This specific type of hives is known as cholinergic urticaria and is characterized by small punctate wheals surrounded by a prominent erythematous flare4. The rash usually starts on the neck and upper thorax and can spread to the face, back, and extremities4.
Chronic Urticaria and the Gut-Skin Axis
Chronic urticaria (CU) is a form of hives that persists for more than six weeks without a specific trigger. The exact cause of CU remains unclear, but recent research suggests a link between the gut microbiome and the development of CU. Studies have shown that patients with CU have a significant decrease in beneficial gut bacteria and an increase in harmful bacteria, which may lead to inflammation and impairment of the gut barrier function, subsequently causing inflammatory skin diseases3.
Detection and Diagnosis of Hives
Detecting and diagnosing hives can be challenging due to their transient nature. However, advancements in technology have led to the development of systems that can accurately recognize and detect skin diseases, including hives. These systems use algorithms such as Local Binary Pattern, Color Histogram, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) to analyze images of skin conditions. In controlled testing, these systems have shown high accuracy rates in identifying hives, eczema, and psoriasis2.
Conclusion
Hives are a common and often distressing skin condition that can be triggered by various factors, including allergic reactions and physical stimuli. Chronic urticaria, a persistent form of hives, may be linked to imbalances in the gut microbiome. Advances in image recognition technology are improving the accuracy of hives detection, offering hope for better diagnosis and management of this condition. Understanding the symptoms, causes, and detection methods of hives is crucial for effective treatment and relief.
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Most relevant research papers on this topic
Urticaria: A case study
Urticaria (hives) is a skin condition caused by an allergic reaction, characterized by raised red skin welts that can appear anywhere on the body and often itch, sting, or burn.
Case ReportEczema, Hives and Psoriasis Detection with the Application of Local Binary Pattern, Color Histogram, SVM and RGB-HSV Color Space
The system accurately detects skin diseases like eczema, hives, and psoriasis with 98.5609% accuracy using RGB-HSV Color Space, Local Binary Pattern, Color Histogram, and Support Vector Machine (SVM).
IDDF2020-ABS-0112 Gut-skin axis: decoding the link between the gut microbiome and hives
Chronic urticaria patients have a decreased abundance of certain gut bacteria, potentially leading to inflammatory skin diseases.
Systematic Review
Rigorous JournalExercise-induced hives.
Exercise-induced hives are caused by cholinergic nerve fibers, and while a positive skin test can confirm the diagnosis, exercise-induced hives are more sensitive and can be tested using a heat challenge.
Hives.
Hives, or urticaria, are a common condition that results in raised, red, and usually itchy patches of skin ("wheals") that appear suddenly and then later disappear without a trace. They can appear all over the body, but usually appear first on the trunk and upper arms and legs, and most of the time they last anywhere from 24 hours to a couple of days. They can range in size from small dots the size of pencil tip to patches covering large areas of the body. Hives typically cause itching, stinging, or pain.
Hives: what you should know.
Hives are itchy, raised bumps caused by irritation in the upper layers of the skin.
Autoimmune Theories of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria
Chronic spontaneous urticaria may be caused by autoimmune antibodies against various antigens, with potential etiology in up to 50% of patients.
Literature Review
Highly CitedReply to "Acute urticaria with pyrexia as the first manifestations of a COVID-19 infection": Urticaria-like lesions in COVID-19 patients are not really urticaria. A case with clinicopathologic correlation.
Urticaria-like lesions in COVID-19 patients are not necessarily urticaria, as they are not evanescent or pathologically confirmed as urticaria.
Case ReportRigorous JournalOnline Depiction of Urticaria Is Often Flawed and Does Not Reflect the Spectrum of Clinical Manifestation
Online images of urticaria often do not accurately depict skin lesions and under-represent children, females, non-Caucasian patients, inducible urticaria, and angioedema.
Observational Study