Sleep deprivation leads to decreased performance, alertness, and deterioration in health, increasing the risk of stroke, obesity, diabetes, cancer, cognitive deficits, osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, and mortality.

What Is Sleep Deprivation?

Sleep deprivation significantly impairs human functioning, with mood being more affected than cognitive or motor performance, and partial sleep deprivation having a more profound effect on functioning than long-term or short-term sleep deprivation.

Effects of sleep deprivation on performance: a meta-analysis.

Sleep deprivation impairs cognitive performance, leading to cognitive deficits in psychomotor and executive functions, working memory, and higher cognitive abilities, with genetic factors playing a role in vulnerability.

Neurocognitive Consequences of Sleep Deprivation

Sleep deprivation negatively impacts attention, working memory, positive and negative emotions, and hippocampal learning, with implications for clinical conditions associated with sleep disruption.

The sleep-deprived human brain

Sleep deprivation selectively impairs the accurate judgment of human facial emotions, particularly threat relevant (Anger) and reward relevant (Happy), with most significant effects observed in females.

Sleep deprivation impairs the accurate recognition of human emotions.

Sleep deprivation impairs cognitive performance, with genetic factors potentially playing a role in cognitive vulnerability to sleep loss.

Neurocognitive consequences of sleep deprivation.

Sleep deprivation impairs human reaction times, leading to slower responses, increased lapses, and increased errors in cognitive tasks.

Sleep Deprivation and Vigilant Attention

Sleep deprivation is associated with various health risks, including cardiovascular, respiratory, neurological, gastrointestinal, immunology, dermatology, endocrine, and reproductive health.

Sleep deprivation and its association with diseases- a review.

Sleep deprivation significantly lowers both direct and indirect emotional empathy in healthy individuals, impacting their ability to process emotional information and experience emotions while observing others.

The effects of sleep deprivation on emotional empathy

Sleep deprivation, caused by lifestyle habits or sleep disorders, increases the risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.

Sleep, sleep deprivation, autonomic nervous system and cardiovascular diseases

Sleep deprivation and stress have a reciprocal relationship, and avoiding stress as a confounding factor in sleep-deprivation studies is crucial for understanding sleep loss and its impact on health.

Sleep deprivation and stress: a reciprocal relationship

Sleep deprivation may potentiate response to antidepressant medication and prevent premenstrual mood swings, but its effectiveness in predicting response to antidepressant medication remains inconclusive.

Is sleep deprivation useful in the treatment of depression?

Acute partial sleep deprivation increases food intake and may promote obesity in healthy men.

Acute partial sleep deprivation increases food intake in healthy men.

Sleep disturbance and long sleep duration, but not short sleep duration, are associated with increases in markers of systemic inflammation in adult humans.

Sleep Disturbance, Sleep Duration, and Inflammation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies and Experimental Sleep Deprivation

Sleep deprivation leads to less positive affect and increased anxiety in adolescents and adults, regardless of their developmental stage.

Sleep deprivation in adolescents and adults: changes in affect.

Sleep deprivation impairs endothelial function, potentially explaining the link between insufficient sleep and increased cardiovascular disease risk.

Effects of sleep deprivation on endothelial function in adult humans: a systematic review

Chronic sleep restriction leads to long-term neuromodulatory changes in brain physiology, potentially requiring longer recovery than acute sleep loss.

Sleep deprivation and neurobehavioral dynamics

Sleep deprivation negatively impacts brain and behavioral functions, leading to neurodegenerative diseases and cognitive decline.

Sleep Deprivation and Neurological Disorders

Sleep deprivation leads to epigenetic alterations, which may mediate cognitive changes and serve as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for sleep-related disorders.

Sleep Deprivation and the Epigenome

Insufficient sleep alters cardiovascular risk factors, increasing the risk of cardiac morbidity and mortality.

Cardiovascular, inflammatory, and metabolic consequences of sleep deprivation.

These studies suggest that sleep deprivation leads to decreased performance, impaired cognitive and emotional functioning, and increased health risks including cardiovascular, metabolic, and other systemic diseases.