Symptoms too much copper
Pro Research Analysisby 
Searched over 200M research papers
Consensus Meter
Symptoms of Excessive Copper Exposure
Gastrointestinal Symptoms from High Copper Levels in Drinking Water
Excessive copper intake, particularly through drinking water, can lead to acute gastrointestinal symptoms. Studies have shown that when copper concentrations in drinking water reach 4.0-6.0 mg/L, individuals commonly experience nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and vomiting . These symptoms are more prevalent at higher concentrations, with significant increases in gastrointestinal disturbances observed at 6 mg/L compared to lower concentrations. Women appear to be more sensitive to copper, reporting symptoms at lower concentrations than men.
Liver and Kidney Damage from Copper Poisoning
In rare cases, such as ingestion of large amounts of copper sulfate or chronic exposure to high levels of copper, severe copper toxicosis can occur. This condition primarily affects the liver and kidneys, leading to liver cirrhosis and renal damage. The liver is the first organ to show signs of copper accumulation, which can progress to brain damage, affecting motor control and personality.
Neurological and Systemic Effects
Chronic exposure to high levels of copper can also have neurological and systemic effects. Excess copper can cause renal damage, osteoarticular changes, and joint pains. In severe cases, it can lead to osteoporosis or osteomalacia due to calcium loss in the urine. Additionally, copper toxicity can result in increased lipid peroxidation in cell membranes and DNA damage, contributing to its toxic effects.
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Copper Toxicity
At the cellular level, excess copper disrupts mitochondrial metabolic enzymes, leading to a distinct form of cell death. This mechanism involves the aggregation of mitochondrial proteins and the generation of oxygen free radicals, which cause cellular damage. This process is particularly relevant in genetic disorders like Wilson's disease, where copper accumulation is life-threatening.
Conclusion
Excessive copper intake, especially through drinking water, can lead to a range of acute and chronic health issues. Gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and vomiting are common at higher concentrations of copper in water. Chronic exposure can result in severe liver and kidney damage, neurological effects, and systemic issues like joint pain and osteoporosis. Understanding these symptoms and mechanisms is crucial for setting safe limits for copper exposure and preventing copper toxicity.
Sources and full results
Most relevant research papers on this topic