Taurine

Introduction

Taurine, a sulfur-containing beta-amino acid, is found in high concentrations in various tissues and plays multiple roles in physiological processes. It has garnered significant interest due to its potential therapeutic applications and its presence in dietary supplements and energy drinks.

Key Insights

Physiological Roles and Mechanisms:
- Taurine is involved in membrane stabilization, bile salt formation, antioxidation, calcium homeostasis, growth modulation, and osmoregulation .
- It modulates apoptosis, energy metabolism, gene expression, and protein quality control .
Developmental Importance:
- Taurine is crucial for the development of the nervous system and cellular communication between neurons and glial cells .
- It is essential for the growth and survival of many species, particularly in early developmental stages.
Therapeutic Potential:
- Taurine has shown promise in treating cardiovascular diseases, including congestive heart failure, due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties .
- It offers protective effects against diabetes mellitus and its complications by mitigating oxidative stress and stabilizing membranes .
- Taurine demonstrates therapeutic potential in neurological disorders, such as neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, epilepsy, and diabetic neuropathy .
Sports and Exercise:
- Taurine supplementation may improve aerobic and anaerobic performance, reduce muscle damage, and enhance recovery.
- It affects metabolic markers, such as lactate and creatine kinase, indicating its role in reducing metabolic stress.
Nutritional and Immunoregulatory Roles:
- Taurine is considered a conditionally semi-essential amino acid, with its levels decreasing in response to surgical injury and pathological conditions.
- It plays a role in immunonutrition by modulating host proinflammatory cell homeostasis and apoptosis.

Conclusion

Taurine is a multifaceted amino acid with significant roles in physiological processes, development, and therapeutic applications. Its benefits span from cardiovascular and neurological health to sports performance and immunonutrition. Despite its recognized importance, further research is needed to fully exploit its potential in dietary supplementation and clinical applications.

Summary

Introduction

Key Insights

Conclusion

Sources and full results

Immunonutrition: the role of taurine.

Taurine plays a crucial role in nutrition, host proinflammatory cell homeostasis, therapeutic applications, and potentially immunoregulatory properties, warranting critical clinical analysis.

Taurine in development.

Taurine plays a crucial role in the development of the nervous system and migration processes, potentially acting as a communication link between neurons and glial cells.

Taurine and human nutrition.

Taurine plays a crucial role in various physiological processes and dietary supplementation may provide benefits for patients with various diseases.

Taurine in sports and exercise

Taurine supplementation may improve aerobic and anaerobic performance, metabolic stress, muscle soreness, and recovery, but more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness.

The potential protective effects of taurine on coronary heart disease.

High levels of taurine may be protective against coronary heart disease due to its ability to conjugate bile acids, regulate blood pressure, and act as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent.

Protective and therapeutic effectiveness of taurine in diabetes mellitus: a rationale for antioxidant supplementation.

Taurine shows protective and therapeutic effectiveness against type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications, suggesting its potential as an antioxidant supplement for diabetes management.

Taurine and its analogs in neurological disorders: Focus on therapeutic potential and molecular mechanisms

Taurine shows potential therapeutic effects against neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, epilepsy, and diabetic neuropathy, and may be a promising neuropharmacological option.

Taurine: a critical nutrient for future fish feeds

Taurine is essential for the growth and survival of many commercial fish species, and its supplementation in feeds can improve environmental and economic sustainability.

Effects and Mechanisms of Taurine as a Therapeutic Agent

Taurine shows promise as a therapeutic agent for treating various diseases, including congestive heart failure, muscle, central nervous system, cardiovascular system, and mitochondrial diseases, as well as metabolic and inflammatory diseases.

Physiological roles of taurine in heart and muscle

Taurine plays a crucial role in maintaining normal contractile function, stabilizing membranes, and regulating oxidative stress, suggesting it may be an essential or semi-essential nutrient for many mammals.

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