Test for blood cholesterol
Pro Research Analysisby 
Searched over 200M research papers
Consensus Meter
Blood Cholesterol Testing: Methods and Innovations
Point of Care Testing (POCT) for Blood Cholesterol
Electrophoresis Titration Chip for POCT
Recent advancements have introduced a portable and visual method for point of care testing (POCT) of cholesterol in blood serum using an electrophoresis titration (ET) chip. This device, weighing approximately 60 grams, integrates a selective enzymatic reaction with a moving reaction boundary (MRB) to quantify cholesterol levels. The process involves cholesterol reacting with cholesterol oxidase to produce hydrogen peroxide, which then oxidizes a dye, creating a measurable color change. This method has shown high selectivity, portability, and visuality, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 5 µM and good linearity between 10-1000 µM.
Disposable Flow Device for Whole-Blood Testing
Another innovative approach is a low-cost, disposable device that automates the entire testing process after sample addition. This device meters the sample, separates plasma from erythrocytes, and times the plasma flow into reagent compartments, displaying results as a color bar. Clinical studies have demonstrated its precision and accuracy, with total imprecision of less than 5% and an average bias of 1.35% compared to the Abell-Kendall method.
Non-Instrumented and Automated Methods
Non-Instrumented Quantitative Test System
A novel non-instrumented technology has been developed for quantifying cholesterol in whole blood. This system uses a test strip where enzymatic action on cholesterol produces hydrogen peroxide, which is then quantified by a redox-coupled indicator system. The height of the color band formed is directly proportional to the cholesterol concentration. This method is user-friendly, requiring no technical training, and provides results in less than 15 minutes.
Automated Enzymic Measurement
An automated enzymic system for measuring total cholesterol in serum has also been developed. This system uses cholesterol oxidase to oxidize free cholesterol, producing a dye that can be measured spectrophotometrically. The process is fully automated, ensuring high reagent efficiency and reliable analytical performance.
Biosensors and Smartphone Integration
Amperometric Biosensors
High-performance amperometric biosensors have been fabricated for cholesterol determination. These biosensors co-immobilize multiple enzymes onto a modified electrode, allowing for sensitive and selective detection of cholesterol. They exhibit a linear detection range from 0.1 to 950 µM and a detection limit of 0.07 µM, making them highly effective for clinical applications.
Smartphone-Based Cholesterol Testing
Innovations have also led to the development of smartphone accessories and applications for cholesterol testing. These systems use standard test strips and smartphone cameras to quantify cholesterol levels within 60 seconds. This approach leverages the widespread use of smartphones and advanced image processing technology to provide an accessible and cost-effective solution for cholesterol monitoring.
Non-Invasive Methods
Saliva-Based Cholesterol Detection
A non-invasive method for cholesterol determination involves using an enzyme-based electrochemical biosensor to detect cholesterol in saliva. This biosensor utilizes platinum nano-clusters and optimized enzyme loading to achieve a linear detection range from 2 to 486 µM, with a detection limit of 2 µM. It has shown good specificity and has been successfully tested on patients with hyperlipidemia.
Conclusion
The landscape of blood cholesterol testing is rapidly evolving with the development of portable, automated, and non-invasive methods. These innovations promise to make cholesterol monitoring more accessible, accurate, and user-friendly, thereby improving preventive care for cardiovascular diseases.
Sources and full results
Most relevant research papers on this topic