Toxoplasmosis treatment relies on pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine, but newer drugs are needed for both acute and latent forms of the infection.

Treatment of Toxoplasmosis: Historical Perspective, Animal Models, and Current Clinical Practice

Anti-toxoplasma therapy with corticosteroids is effective for treating ocular toxoplasmosis, especially in pregnant women with acute or chronic infections.

Approach to ocular toxoplasmosis including pregnant women.

Prenatal therapy for congenital toxoplasmosis reduces infant infection, while pyrimethamine-sulphonamide combinations are standard for acquired toxoplasmosis treatment.

Management of Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmic encephalitis treatment regimens include standard pharmacologic therapy and immunotherapy, with no proven superiority over standard therapy.

Treatment regimens for patients with toxoplasmic encephalitis.

Spiramycin, azithromycin, and traditional Chinese medicine show similar efficacy in treating Toxoplasma gondii infection, with no statistical difference between them.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy of Anti-Toxoplasma gondii Medicines in Humans

Current treatment regimens for toxoplasmosis include pyrimethamine and sulphonamide, but new drugs show promise for improved efficacy and safety in immunosuppressed patients.

Current Recommendations and Future Prospects in the Treatment of Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis is a major challenge in allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation, and future perspectives include pre-emptive treatment, immunomodulatory approaches, and vaccines to prevent chronic infection.

Toxoplasmosis after allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) - Disease burden and approaches to diagnosis, prevention, and management in adults and children.

Prenatal treatment for toxoplasmosis in women does not currently reduce congenital transmission, and further research is needed to evaluate its effectiveness and impact on infant outcomes.

Treatments for toxoplasmosis in pregnancy.

Prenatal treatment for toxoplasmosis in women with presumed infection is unclear, and screening and treatment programs should be evaluated in countries where screening is not routine.

Congenital toxoplasmosis: systematic review of evidence of efficacy of treatment in pregnancy

Clinically available drugs showing anti-toxoplasma activity in disease models may offer less-toxic treatments for acute disease and cyst clearance in humans and animals.

Clinically Available Medicines Demonstrating Anti-Toxoplasma Activity

Morphine has higher anti-Toxoplasma activity when used before infection, with a reverse relationship to its toxic effects.

Toxoplasma gondii: Preventive and therapeutic effects of morphine and evaluation of treatment parameters of tachyzoites and infected macrophages in vitro and in a murine model

Toxoplasmosis can occur in patients with autoimmune diseases treated by immunosuppressive agents, requiring awareness for patient management and treatment choices.

Toxoplasmosis in patients with an autoimmune disease and immunosuppressive agents: A multicenter study and literature review

Systematic education and serological screening of pregnant women are crucial for preventing, diagnosing, and treating Toxoplasma gondii infection in offspring, which can result in severe outcomes for the fetus and newborn.

Management of Toxoplasma gondii infection during pregnancy.

Current Toxoplasma treatments may cause death, with clindamycin and pyrimethamine being the most likely to cause adverse outcomes, and safer regimens needed.

Adverse outcomes associated with the treatment of Toxoplasma infections

Toxoplasmosis is a rare but often fatal complication in bone marrow transplant recipients, with factors like infection site, symptom onset, and conditioning regimen influencing diagnosis and outcomes.

Toxoplasmosis in bone marrow transplantation: a report of two cases and systematic review of the literature

Immunocompromised patients have higher odds of Toxoplasma gondii infection, highlighting the need for appropriate prevention and control measures in these vulnerable populations.

Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Immunocompromised Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Toxoplasmosis seroprevalence in blood donors is 33% worldwide, with high seroprevalence in Africa, Asia, and Brazil, making positive serology test results insufficient for donor screening.

Toxoplasmosis in Blood Donors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Toxoplasmosis management in transplant recipients requires improved diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and follow-up strategies, with cystic treatment being crucial for preventing reactivation of Toxoplasma gondii.

Management of toxoplasmosis in transplant recipients: an update

Toxoplasmosis is a rare but potentially fatal infection in marrow transplant recipients, with reactivation occurring within 6 months and often contributing to death in patients with pre-transplant seropositivity and severe GVHD.

Toxoplasma gondii infection in marrow transplant recipients: a 20 year experience.

Serological screening before transplantation helps identify patients at higher risk of toxoplasmosis, and co-trimoxazole prophylaxis is effective in preventing the disease in these patients.

Prevention of toxoplasmosis in transplant patients.

These studies suggest that Toxoplasma infection is treated with pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine, corticosteroids for ocular toxoplasmosis, and various other drugs like spiramycin and azithromycin, while new drugs and approaches are being explored for improved efficacy and safety.