vertical farming light intensity

Introduction

Vertical farming is an innovative agricultural method that allows for the cultivation of crops in controlled indoor environments, often using artificial light sources such as LEDs. Light intensity and spectrum are critical factors in optimizing plant growth, productivity, and quality in vertical farming systems.

Key Insights

Impact of Light Intensity on Plant Growth and Morphology:
- Increasing light intensity (photosynthetic photon flux density, PPFD) generally enhances plant growth, including fresh mass, dry matter content, and plant height in various cultivars of basil. Similar findings were observed in other leafy greens, where higher light intensities improved yield and phytonutrient content .
Optimal Light Intensity and Photoperiod:
- A light intensity of around 200 µmol·m²·s⁻¹ with a photoperiod of 16 hours per day is commonly used and found effective for crops like lettuce and basil, promoting high productivity and quality .
Light Spectrum Effects:
- Blue light (450-495 nm) and red light (620-750 nm) are frequently used in vertical farming. Blue light is particularly effective in enhancing phytonutrient accumulation, while red light supports overall plant growth .
- High fractions of blue light (>90%) can increase plant height but may reduce dry mass partitioning to leaves. Conversely, far-red light can enhance dry mass partitioning to leaves and stems, depending on the duration and intensity .
Energy Efficiency and Light Management:
- Intermittent light exposure can reduce energy consumption without significantly affecting plant growth and biomass production, making it a viable option for energy-efficient vertical farming.
- Efficient use of light and electrical energy is achieved with long photoperiods and low PPFD levels, optimizing the cost of electricity for crop production.
Postharvest Quality:
- Light quality before harvest can influence postharvest quality, including shelf life and nutrient content. High blue light content improves shelf life, while high far-red light can have adverse effects.

Conclusion

Vertical farming systems benefit significantly from optimized light intensity and spectrum. Higher light intensities generally improve plant growth and yield, while specific light spectra, particularly blue and red, enhance phytonutrient content and overall plant health. Efficient light management, including intermittent lighting and appropriate photoperiods, can reduce energy costs without compromising plant quality. Additionally, preharvest light conditions can affect postharvest quality, highlighting the importance of tailored light recipes for different crops and growth stages.

Vertical farming light intensity

Summary

Introduction

Key Insights

Conclusion

Sources and full results

Response of Basil Growth and Morphology to Light Intensity and Spectrum in a Vertical Farm

Increasing light intensity in vertical farming improves basil growth and morphology, with blue light increasing plant height and far-red light increasing dry matter production.

Systems Review: The Role of Light Spectrum in Plant Productivity and Quality in Vertical Farming Systems

Vertical farming systems using LED lighting improve plant productivity and quality, making it a sustainable and controllable method for urban food production.

Role of Spectrum-Light on Productivity, and Plant Quality over Vertical Farming Systems: Bibliometric Analysis

Vertical farming systems, using LED lighting, can improve productivity and plant quality in urban locations, benefiting the social economy, food security, and the environment.

Seeing the lights for leafy greens in indoor vertical farming

Lighting quality and quantity can improve leafy green yield and phytonutrient contents in indoor vertical farming, with blue wavelengths having a more prominent positive impact than red.

Basil plants grown under intermittent light stress in a small-scale indoor environment: Introducing energy demand reduction intelligent technologies

Intermittent light exposure in indoor vertical farms can reduce energy consumption without negatively affecting basil plant growth rate and biomass production.

LED Lighting in Vertical Farming Systems Enhances Bioactive Compounds and Productivity of Vegetables Crops

LED lighting in vertical farming systems increases nutritional compounds and productivity of vegetable crops, while reducing water and nutrient use.

Desarrollo de un sistema de iluminación artificial LED para cultivos en interiores - Vertical Farming (VF)

LED lighting systems for indoor farming can provide all the light needed for healthy plant growth, complement natural light, and increase daylight duration, benefiting vertical farming and BIA.

Optimal Parameters and Operating Modes of the Vertical Farm Lighting System: an Overview of World Research

Optimal vertical farm lighting systems use a 16-hour photoperiod and low levels of photosynthetic photon flux density to maximize crop production and minimize electricity costs.

Effects of LED lighting recipes on postharvest quality of leafy vegetables grown in a vertical farm

High blue content LED lighting recipes in vertical farms improve shelf life and antioxidant levels in leafy vegetables, while high far red content recipes cause shorter shelf life and lower vitamin C and K contents.

Optimizing Light Use Efficiency and Quality of Indoor Organically Grown Leafy Greens by Using Different Lighting Strategies

Reducing light intensity while extending the photoperiod can potentially be a cost-effective LED strategy for indoor cultivation of organically or conventionally grown leafy greens.

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