Deforestation leads to strong global warming in the tropics, but biophysical cooling in mid-latitudes and beyond can offset CO2 warming, promoting local climate stability and adaptation for human and non-human species.

The Unseen Effects of Deforestation: Biophysical Effects on Climate

Deforestation and reforestation in the tropics lead to profound changes in dynamic soil properties, degrading most soil functions, with reforestation restoring some of these effects but resulting in substantially different soil conditions and functions than under natural forests.

Deforestation and reforestation impacts on soils in the tropics

Deforestation increases projected warming due to changes in short-lived climate forcers, such as aerosols, ozone, and methane, but the RCP8.5 scenario shows zero net radiative forcing from these factors.

Impact on short-lived climate forcers increases projected warming due to deforestation

Amazon deforestation increases surface temperature, decreases evapotranspiration and precipitation, and extends the dry season, making reestablishment of tropical forests difficult.

Amazon Deforestation and Climate Change

Large-scale deforestation has a net cooling effect on Earth's climate, with afforestation projects in the tropics being beneficial for climate mitigation, while mid- and high-latitude afforestation projects may offer only marginal benefits.

Combined climate and carbon-cycle effects of large-scale deforestation

Deforestation can lead to loss of conditions necessary for forest vegetation, potentially leading to irreversible state shifts and economic implications.

Physical and biological feedbacks of deforestation

Recent global forest cover changes have caused significant warming, amplifying diurnal temperature variations and increasing mean and maximum air temperatures, accounting for 18% of global biogeochemical warming due to CO2 emissions from land-use change.

Biophysical climate impacts of recent changes in global forest cover

Deforestation and forest degradation negatively impact biodiversity, soil and water quality, and ecosystems, leading to increased deforestation and forest degradation.

Deforestation: Facts, Causes & Effects

Deforestation leads to loss of biodiversity, cultural diversity, and carbon storage capacity, but sustainable forestry can be achieved through alternative solutions.

Deforestation: Causes And Consequences

Deforestation in South and Southeast Asia significantly alters the surface energy and moisture budgets, leading to changes in climate and biodiversity.

The Climatic Effects of Deforestation in South and Southeast Asia

Deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon increases malaria transmission, but high malaria burden reduces forest clearing, highlighting the bidirectional relationship between environmental changes and human health.

Amazon deforestation drives malaria transmission, and malaria burden reduces forest clearing

Tropical deforestation impacts local climate differently, with South America's low-level flow being more sensitive to deforestation than Southeast Asia's monsoon, and cloud reduction can mitigate surface albedo increases.

Impacts of Tropical Deforestation. Part I: Process Analysis of Local Climatic Change

Deforestation in Nigeria leads to water pollution, nutrient depletion, climate change, and health issues, requiring government intervention and environmental education.

Impacts Of Deforestation On Socio-Economic Development And Environment In Nigeria

Defaunation of primates and birds, due to hunting and habitat fragmentation, leads to reduced forest regeneration, highlighting the need for conservation strategies to protect forests from defaunation and deforestation.

Quantifying the impacts of defaunation on natural forest regeneration in a global meta-analysis

Deforestation and drought in the Amazon have a small but reinforcing feedback, with global climate change being the main driver of recent drying, but increasing either of them will hinder efforts to curb both.

Feedback between drought and deforestation in the Amazon

Most tropical deforestation from 2011 to 2015 was driven by agriculture, but only 45 to 65% of deforested land became productive agriculture within a few years.

Disentangling the numbers behind agriculture-driven tropical deforestation

Deforestation in the Amazon can reduce dry season rainfall by up to 20%, erode forest resilience, and potentially lead to permanent forest loss in the southwestern region.

Deforestation effects on Amazon forest resilience

Tropical deforestation is influenced by factors such as roads, higher agricultural prices, lower wages, and a shortage of off-farm employment, but the role of technical change, agricultural input prices, household income levels, and tenure security remains unclear.

Rethinking the causes of deforestation: lessons from economic models.

Tropical deforestation in Borneo leads to higher temperatures and less cooling, highlighting the importance of forests in maintaining cool local temperatures and preventing heat illness.

Impacts of tropical deforestation on local temperature and human well-being perceptions

Lower discount rates and stronger institutions decrease deforestation, while depreciations in the real exchange rate increase it in developing countries, with better institutions potentially exacerbating the negative impact of depreciations.

Deforestation and the real exchange rate

What are the effects of deforestation on the environment?

Some studies suggest deforestation leads to global warming, loss of biodiversity, and soil degradation, while other studies indicate it can cause local cooling and climate stability in mid-latitudes.