RNA viruses can rapidly adapt to changing conditions, and environmental factors, human population growth, and global transportation contribute to their emergence and re-emergence.

Emerging viral diseases.

High-throughput genome sequencing enables researchers to analyze the molecular basis of viral emergence, evolution, and spread in human populations in real time, providing insights into global health threats.

Genomic Analysis of the Emergence, Evolution, and Spread of Human Respiratory RNA Viruses.

Emerging and reemerging fatal viral diseases, such as coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2, pose a global health threat due to their ability to evade host immune responses and adapt to new host species.

Emerging and re-emerging fatal viral diseases

Viral emergence is driven by genetic variation and biological complexity, with diverse environments providing opportunities for selection from diverse viral populations.

Mechanisms of viral emergence

HIV, influenza, and Marburg viruses have rapidly evolved to adapt to changing conditions, contributing to the emergence and reemergence of viral diseases in human populations over time.

Global situation and trends of HIV, influenza and marburg viruses: an epidemiological perspective.

High mutation rates of RNA viruses enable their adaptability to emerging diseases, but their limited genome size imposes major constraints on their ability to cross species boundaries and explain the emergence of SARS-CoV.

Viral evolution and the emergence of SARS coronavirus.

Emerging and reemerging viral infections, particularly RNA viruses, pose a significant threat to human health and social growth, with India being particularly vulnerable.

Emerging and reemerging viral infections in globe with special emphasis in India - A review

Tissue tropism and transmission biology can predict the virulence of human RNA viruses, with systemic infection, renal and neural tropism, direct contact or respiratory transmission, and limited human-to-human transmissibility being the strongest predictors of severe disease.

Tissue tropism and transmission ecology predict virulence of human RNA viruses

Plant RNA virus emergence involves a complex evolutionary process involving ecological factors, viruses' genetic plasticity, host factors, and stochasticity, leading to new strains and adaptations in new host species.

The evolutionary genetics of emerging plant RNA viruses.

Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) emergence was mediated by a minor genetic change, highlighting the ability of RNA viruses to alter host range, virulence, and epidemic potential through minor genetic changes.

Venezuelan encephalitis emergence mediated by a phylogenetically predicted viral mutation.

Emerging and reemerging viral diseases are influenced by human, environmental, and viral factors, with zoonoses being the main cause, and factors like urbanization, globalization, weather, and climate change playing a role.

Emerging and Reemerging Viral Diseases

Adaptive evolution of mosquito-borne viruses contributes to their increased virulence and emergence, posing a significant public health burden.

Adaptive Evolution as a Driving Force of the Emergence and Re-Emergence of Mosquito-Borne Viral Diseases

Emerging and reemerging respiratory viral infections, including COVID-19, have significantly increased human and animal morbidity and mortality, with RNA viruses being more pathogenic due to their high error rate in replicating their genomes.

Emerging and reemerging respiratory viral infections up to Covid-19

Emerging and reemerging infectious diseases, such as dengue, chikungunya, and Zika, can cause neurologic complications, and radiologists should be familiar with their neuroimaging patterns for accurate diagnosis and follow-up.

Neuroimaging of Emergent and Reemergent Infections.

Food-borne diseases are influenced by genetic changes, social attitudes, eating habits, changes in food production and distribution systems, immunocompromised individuals, and improved pathogen-detection methods.

Factors Involved in the Emergence and Persistence of Food-Borne Diseases †.

The emergence and pandemic potential of swine-origin H1N1 influenza virus require real-time monitoring and control efforts to guide infectious disease control programs and improve understanding of viral pathogenicity and transmissibility.

Emergence and pandemic potential of swine-origin H1N1 influenza virus

Viruses have evolved to rapidly cross international borders, causing devastating epidemics and economic losses in countries with limited resources for rapid detection and prevention.

Viruses without Borders: Deadly Outbreaks of the 21st Century

Emerging human viruses are primarily caused by pathogens already present in the environment, altered transmission due to environmental changes, and public health infrastructure deficiencies, emphasizing the need for effective surveillance and control.

Human Viruses: Emergence and Evolution

A holistic approach involving human, animal, and environment is crucial to address the emergence and reemergence of viral zoonotic diseases.

Emergence and Reemergence of Viral Zoonotic Diseases: Concepts and Factors of Emerging and Reemerging Globalization of Health Threats

Minor changes in the polymerase may have driven the reemergence of GII.2 norovirus during 2016-2017, highlighting the need for better understanding of norovirus diversity for effective treatments.

Phylogenetic Analyses Suggest that Factors Other Than the Capsid Protein Play a Role in the Epidemic Potential of GII.2 Norovirus

What are the factors that causes emergence and reemergence of disease outbreaks from RNA viruses.

These studies suggest that the emergence and reemergence of disease outbreaks from RNA viruses are driven by rapid adaptation, genetic variation, environmental factors, human activities, and global transportation.