What are the health risks associated with vaping?

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Research Analysis by Consensus

Consensus Meter

Yes

Possibly

Introduction

Vaping, the act of inhaling vapor produced by an electronic cigarette or similar device, has become increasingly popular, particularly among young adults. While it is often marketed as a safer alternative to traditional smoking, emerging research highlights several health risks associated with vaping. This synthesis aims to present the key health risks identified in recent studies.

Key Insights

Respiratory Health Risks
- Vaping is associated with increased respiratory-related emergency department visits, particularly in individuals with pre-existing lung conditions.
- Vaping can cause structural and functional impairment of the lungs, including increased tissue density, cellular infiltrates, and bronchial thickening.
- Exposure to vaping products has been linked to acute lung injury, especially when using THC-containing products.
Cardiovascular Health Risks
- Vaping has been shown to adversely affect cardiovascular health, including increased blood pressure, tachycardia, and arterial stiffness.
- There is an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events such as atrial fibrillation and myocardial infarction among vapers.
Behavioral and Mental Health Risks
- Vaping is associated with high-risk behaviors, including heavy alcohol use and binge drinking.
- Individuals with mental health conditions such as depression and alcohol problems are more likely to vape.
Youth and Adolescent Risks
- Youth vaping is linked to increased risk for tobacco and other substance use, mental health problems, and unintentional injuries.
- Cannabis vaping among youth is associated with acute lung injury and exposure to high-potency cannabis forms, posing both acute and long-term health risks.
Secondhand Exposure Risks
- Bystanders exposed to vaping can experience respiratory tract irritation and systemic effects of nicotine, including palpitations and increased blood pressure.
General Health Risks
- Vaping is not associated with significant elevations in risky health behaviors such as poor diet, poor sleep quality, and low levels of exercise among youth.
- Despite the perceived lower risk, vaping still poses significant health risks and should not be considered a safe alternative to smoking .

Conclusion

The health risks associated with vaping are multifaceted, affecting respiratory, cardiovascular, and mental health. Vaping can lead to serious respiratory issues, including increased emergency department visits and structural lung damage. It also poses cardiovascular risks such as increased blood pressure and risk of heart events. Behavioral and mental health risks are notable, with associations to high-risk behaviors and mental health conditions. Youth are particularly vulnerable, facing increased risks for substance use and mental health issues. Additionally, secondhand exposure to vaping can harm bystanders. Overall, while vaping may be perceived as a safer alternative to smoking, it carries significant health risks that warrant caution and further research.