What is on the other side of black holes
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Exploring the Other Side of Black Holes
Black Hole Entropy and Matrix Theory
Understanding Black Hole Entropy
Recent research has explored the entropy of Schwarzschild black holes through the lens of matrix theory. This approach utilizes near-extremal D-brane thermodynamics to compute the entropy, revealing that the regime in which this method is valid actually describes black strings stretched across the longitudinal direction. This is near the transition point where black strings become unstable and form black holes. The dynamics on the other side of this transition are governed by the zero modes of the corresponding super Yang-Mills theory1.
Implications for Matrix Theory and Holography
The findings suggest significant implications for matrix theory and the holographic principle. The analysis provides a mean field theory argument for the entropy of black holes across all dimensions, offering a deeper understanding of black hole thermodynamics and the fundamental principles governing these cosmic phenomena1.
Geodesical Completion and Antigravity Regions
Journey Beyond the Schwarzschild Singularity
Another intriguing study presents the geodesical completion of the Schwarzschild black hole in four dimensions, covering the entire space in Kruskal-Szekeres coordinates. This includes the spacetime behind both black and white hole singularities. A key finding is that the gravitational constant switches sign abruptly at the singularity, suggesting that the other side of the singularity is a region of antigravity2.
Implications for Observers and Theoretical Physics
The presence of such sign flips is predicted by local (Weyl) scale invariant geodesically complete spacetimes, which enhance classical general relativity and string theory. The study shows that all geodesics of a test particle are complete, meaning an ideal observer starting in the usual space of gravity can reach the other side of the singularity in a finite amount of proper time. However, an observer outside the horizon cannot verify these phenomena, highlighting the fundamental significance for constructing accurate theories and interpreting phenomena related to black holes and cosmology near and beyond singularities2.
Conclusion
The exploration of what lies on the other side of black holes reveals complex and fascinating dynamics. From the entropy calculations using matrix theory to the concept of antigravity regions beyond the Schwarzschild singularity, these studies provide critical insights into the nature of black holes and the fundamental laws of physics. These findings not only enhance our understanding of black hole thermodynamics but also push the boundaries of theoretical physics, offering new perspectives on the universe's most enigmatic objects.
Sources and full results
Most relevant research papers on this topic
Comments on black holes in matrix theory
The entropy of Schwarzschild black holes can be computed in matrix theory using near-extremal D-brane thermodynamics, but the regime in which this approach is valid actually describes black strings stretched across the longitudinal direction.
Highly CitedJourney Beyond the Schwarzschild Black Hole Singularity
The geodesical completion of the Schwarzschild black hole in four dimensions allows an ideal observer to reach the other side of the singularity in a finite amount of proper time, improving classical general relativity and string theory.
Statistical mechanics of a two-dimensional black hole
This paper presents the statistical mechanics of a two-dimensional black hole, enabling the construction of thermal partition functions and arbitrary density matrices.
Highly CitedBlack diholes
Black diholes, described in the Einstein-Maxwell equations, are static pairs of oppositely charged extremal black holes suspended in equilibrium in an external magnetic field or held apart by cosmic strings.
Particle creation by black holes
Quantum mechanical effects cause black holes to create and emit particles as if they were hot bodies, leading to their eventual disappearance and violation of the classical law of event horizon area not decreasing.
Highly CitedD-branes and spinning black holes
This study presents a new class of spinning charged extremal black holes in five dimensions, with perfect agreement in entropy and degeneracy between black hole and D-brane representations.
Highly CitedBlack holes in general relativity
A stationary black hole must have a topologically spherical boundary and be axisymmetric if it is rotating, establishing the conjecture that any stationary black hole is a Kerr solution.
Highly CitedStable black holes: in vacuum and beyond
Recent theorems suggest that black hole solutions in vacuum and their interaction with matter fields are stable under small perturbations, potentially enhancing our understanding of General Relativity.
Black Holes
Black holes play a crucial role in powering quasars and providing insights into quantum gravity, with recent developments involving cosmic censorship and the statistical origin of black hole entropy.
Highly CitedThermodynamics of black holes
Black holes conform to a straightforward generalisation of standard laboratory thermodynamics, with their thermal radiation mechanism and energetics influenced by the loss of information about quantum states hidden behind the event horizon.
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