What is the active ingredient in marijuana
Pro Research Analysisby 
Searched over 200M research papers
Active Ingredient in Marijuana: Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC): The Primary Active Ingredient
The primary active ingredient in marijuana is delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). THC is a lipophilic compound with a prolonged half-life of 20-36 hours, which allows it to remain in the body for an extended period. THC is one of the 66 cannabinoid constituents found in marijuana and is responsible for the psychoactive effects associated with the drug.
Mechanism of Action: Cannabinoid Receptors
THC exerts its effects by activating cannabinoid receptors, which are part of the endogenous endocannabinoid system. This system is present in various parts of the body, including the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. The activation of these receptors by THC leads to a range of effects, including euphoria, giddiness, anxiety, and paranoia.
Therapeutic Applications and Psychoactive Effects
THC has been used for its medicinal properties, including analgesia, anti-inflammation, immunosuppression, anticonvulsion, and alleviation of intraocular pressure in glaucoma. However, its clinical application is often limited by its psychoactive effects, which can include hallucinations, distortion of reality, and mental depression .
Comparison with Other Cannabinoids
In addition to THC, marijuana contains other cannabinoids such as cannabidiol (CBD). Unlike THC, CBD has more calming effects and can block the psychosis-inducing effects of THC. This difference in the ratio of THC to CBD is a key factor in the varying effects of different strains of cannabis.
Synthetic Cannabinoids and THC
Synthetic cannabinoids, such as those found in products like K2 and Spice, mimic the psychotropic actions of THC by interacting with CB1 cannabinoid receptors. However, these synthetic compounds are structurally diverse and can produce dangerous adverse effects, making them unsafe alternatives to natural THC.
Conclusion
In summary, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the primary active ingredient in marijuana, responsible for its psychoactive and therapeutic effects. THC interacts with the endocannabinoid system, leading to a range of effects that can be both beneficial and detrimental. Understanding the role of THC and its interaction with other cannabinoids like CBD is crucial for both medicinal and recreational use of marijuana.
Sources and full results
Most relevant research papers on this topic