What is Islam?
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Understanding Islam: A Comprehensive Overview
Definition and Core Beliefs of Islam
Islam is derived from the Arabic word "Salam," which means peace, submission, and obedience. It signifies peace with Allah, the sole creator, and total submission to His will and commands . The religion of Islam is based on the teachings and guidance revealed by God to His Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and is encapsulated in the Qur'an and the authentic Sunnah of the Prophet .
A Muslim is someone who believes in God and strives to reorganize their life according to the divine guidance provided in the Qur'an and the sayings of the Prophet Muhammad. Muslims also aim to create a society based on these principles. The term "Allah" is the proper name of God in Arabic, unique in that it has no plural or feminine forms.
Historical and Global Presence
Islam is not a new religion but a continuation of the same message revealed to all prophets, including Abraham, Moses, and Jesus. The Qur'an emphasizes that Muslims make no distinction between any of the prophets and submit to the same God. Historically, Islam has had a profound impact on the political, economic, and military history of the Old World, especially in the Middle East.
The Islamic civilization expanded rapidly after the death of Prophet Muhammad, extending from Spain in the west to the Indus in the east within a century. This expansion led to the establishment of influential empires such as the Abbasids, Fatimids, and Ottomans, which contributed significantly to global culture and science during the Golden Age of Islam.
Islamic Teachings and Practices
Islamic teachings are comprehensive and cover various aspects of life, including aqidah (beliefs), morality, worship, and mu'amalah (social transactions). The religion provides a complete code of life that regulates human relations with God and with others, aiming to ensure the welfare of both material and spiritual life.
The two main sects of Islam are Sunni and Shi'a, with Sunnis making up about 85% of the Muslim population and Shi'as about 10-15%, primarily associated with Iran. Despite these sectarian differences, the core beliefs and practices remain consistent across the Muslim world.
Islam as a Religion of Peace
Islam is often described as a religion of global peace. It emphasizes the importance of knowledge, enlightenment, and prosperity, which have historically redeemed humanity from misery. The Qur'an and Hadith (sayings of the Prophet) are fundamental texts that promote peace and peacemaking, transforming societies into beacons of peace and righteousness.
Cultural and Civilizational Impact
Islam is not just a religion but a civilization and a way of life that varies across different Muslim countries while being animated by a common spirit. The Islamic civilization has produced notable scientists, astronomers, mathematicians, and philosophers, contributing significantly to global knowledge and culture.
Conclusion
Islam is a comprehensive and dynamic religion that has played a crucial role in shaping human civilization. It is based on the principles of peace, submission to God, and the pursuit of knowledge and righteousness. Despite its diverse cultural expressions, the core message of Islam remains consistent, emphasizing the welfare of humanity in both this world and the hereafter.
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