Reduced growth hormone signaling and methionine restriction both improve metabolic health and extend life span, with potential mechanisms underlying their effectiveness in enhancing healthy aging.

Reduced growth hormone signaling and methionine restriction: interventions that improve metabolic health and extend life span

Thyroid hormones may play a role in longevity by reducing metabolism rate, oxidative stress, and cell senescence, but their impact in older patients with chronic diseases remains unclear.

Thyroid hormones in extreme longevity

The endocrine system plays a key role in regulating aging and longevity in mammals, with potential relevance to human longevity based on evidence from other species.

Hormonal regulation of longevity in mammals

Deficit in growth hormone signaling delays aging and extends longevity in laboratory mice, with reduced body size and reduced fecundity as trade-offs for extended longevity.

Somatotropic signaling: trade-offs between growth, reproductive development, and longevity.

Offspring of nonagenarians with at least one nonagenarian sibling have increased thyroid stimulating hormone secretion without altering energy metabolism.

Human longevity is characterised by high thyroid stimulating hormone secretion without altered energy metabolism

Growth hormone deficiency in mice and humans can lead to extended longevity and healthspan, potentially due to low residual secretion and reduced circulating IGF-1 levels.

Growth Hormone Deficiency: Health and Longevity.

The IGF-1 system may play a role in extending lifespan through slower cell growth and repair activities, potentially benefiting healthy aging and rehabilitation medicine.

ROLE of IGF-1 System in the Modulation of Longevity: Controversies and New Insights From a Centenarians' Perspective

Hormone replacement therapies in men and women may prevent and reverse muscle and bone loss and functional declines, potentially promoting healthy aging and longevity.

The role of androgens and estrogens on healthy aging and longevity.

This study identifies gene expression signatures associated with lifespan extension in mice, providing tools to discover new lifespan-extending interventions.

Identification and Application of Gene Expression Signatures Associated with Lifespan Extension.

Growth hormone decline may slow down or delay aging in mice, but its potential as an anti-aging agent has been disappointing with few benefits and many side effects.

Growth Hormone and Aging: Updated Review

Nuclear hormone receptors play a crucial role in xenobiotic detoxification and sterol homeostasis, potentially contributing to healthy aging and lifespan in invertebrates.

Nuclear hormone receptors: Roles of xenobiotic detoxification and sterol homeostasis in healthy aging

The d3-GHR genetic variant polymorphism positively affects male longevity by modulating growth hormone responsiveness throughout life and promoting taller stature.

The GH receptor exon 3 deletion is a marker of male-specific exceptional longevity associated with increased GH sensitivity and taller stature

Ovariectomy improves survival in females without affecting metabolic health, highlighting the importance of evaluating healthspan in mammalian longevity studies.

Ovariectomy uncouples lifespan from metabolic health and reveals a sex-hormone-dependent role of hepatic mTORC2 in aging

Optimizing physiological function throughout the lifespan is crucial for achieving optimal longevity and reducing the risk of chronic diseases, disability, and mortality.

Physiological geroscience: targeting function to increase healthspan and achieve optimal longevity

Centenarian longevity in females is linked to inverse relationships with nutritional status and abdominal obesity, and positive relationships with sex hormones and bone turnover.

Centenarian longevity had inverse relationships with nutritional status and abdominal obesity and positive relationships with sex hormones and bone turnover in the oldest females

Insulin/IGF-1 signaling plays a crucial role in lifespan regulation in various species, including nematodes, flies, and rodents, and may have implications for human longevity.

The insulin/IGF-1 signaling in mammals and its relevance to human longevity

Optimizing FoxO3 activity in humans may increase lifespan and reduce age-related diseases.

FOXO3: A Major Gene for Human Longevity - A Mini-Review

Hormone replacement therapy increases longevity, particularly in men with late onset hypogonadism and post-menopausal women.

Hormone replacement therapy and longevity

Growth hormone-related mutations in mice lead to healthier, longer lifespans due to improved genome maintenance, stress resistance, glucose homeostasis, and thermogenesis.

Impact of Growth Hormone-Related Mutations on Mammalian Aging

Population-specific genes play a greater role in longevity than shared genes, with APOE and FOXO3A being key factors in cardiovascular protection.

How Important Are Genes to Achieve Longevity?

What is the role of hormone optimization in health and longevity?

Some studies suggest that hormone optimization, particularly reduced growth hormone signaling and methionine restriction, can improve metabolic health and extend lifespan, while other studies highlight the unclear impact of thyroid hormones and the mixed results of growth hormone decline on aging and longevity.