What is the Sustainable urban planning and development?
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Sustainable Urban Planning and Development
Introduction to Sustainable Urban Planning
Sustainable urban planning and development is a multifaceted approach aimed at creating cities that are environmentally friendly, economically viable, and socially inclusive. This concept has gained significant attention as urban areas continue to expand, posing challenges to natural habitats, resource management, and social equity3 9.
Key Principles of Sustainable Urban Development
Environmental Sustainability
Environmental sustainability in urban planning focuses on minimizing the ecological footprint of cities. This involves strategies such as reducing energy consumption, limiting pollution, and protecting natural areas and arable land2. The integration of green spaces, efficient waste management systems, and sustainable transportation options are critical components of this approach4 9.
Economic Viability
Economic viability ensures that urban development projects are financially sustainable and contribute to the local economy. This includes the re-use of urban areas and more effective utilization of building sites to limit continuous growth in the building stock, which can be challenging to manage sustainably2. Additionally, fostering economic activities that do not compromise environmental and social goals is essential9.
Social Inclusivity
Social inclusivity aims to create equitable urban environments where all population groups have access to resources and opportunities. This involves participatory approaches in planning, ensuring that the needs and voices of diverse communities are considered5. Compact urban development models that focus on mixed land use and cater to social needs such as employment, leisure, and recreation are also vital9.
Integrated Planning and Development Process
Holistic and Long-term Planning
Sustainable urban development requires a holistic and long-term planning approach. This involves understanding the complex interactions between various urban processes and adopting strategies that consider time scales and adaptive cycles1 6. A systems-based framework, such as the Urban Planning Sustainability Framework (UPSUF), can help integrate sustainability evaluation, design solutions, and planning processes4.
Smart Cities and Technological Integration
The concept of smart sustainable cities leverages technology to enhance urban sustainability. This includes the use of ICT, big data, and context-aware computing technologies to create efficient and responsive urban systems8. Smart city models aim to address existing limitations and uncertainties in sustainable urban form by incorporating advanced technological solutions8.
Policy and Governance
Effective policy and governance are crucial for sustainable urban development. This involves setting long-term goals, building coalitions, and developing institutional frameworks that support sustainability objectives6. Policies should facilitate alliance-building among stakeholders who support equity and environmental values2. Additionally, active involvement of citizens and stakeholders in the planning and implementation process is essential for successful outcomes5.
Challenges and Future Directions
Addressing Urban Growth and Resource Management
Urban growth poses significant challenges to sustainable development, particularly in terms of resource management and environmental protection. Cities must adopt strategies to manage growth sustainably, such as compact urban development and efficient land use9. The impacts of urban growth on water security, energy, and land must be carefully evaluated and managed4.
Enhancing Resilience and Adaptability
Resilience and adaptability are key components of sustainable urban planning. Cities must be able to adapt to changing conditions and recover from disruptions. This involves understanding the carrying capacity of urban ecosystems and implementing measures to enhance their resilience1. Integrated planning processes that consider ecological, social, and economic dimensions can support this goal3.
Promoting Equity and Social Justice
Ensuring that urban development is equitable and socially just is a critical challenge. This involves addressing socioeconomic disparities and ensuring that all communities have access to resources and opportunities5. Policies and planning processes must prioritize social inclusivity and actively involve marginalized groups in decision-making2.
Conclusion
Sustainable urban planning and development is a complex but essential endeavor to create cities that are environmentally sustainable, economically viable, and socially inclusive. By adopting integrated planning processes, leveraging technology, and fostering effective policy and governance, cities can address the challenges of urban growth and work towards a sustainable future. The active involvement of all stakeholders, including citizens, is crucial to achieving these goals.
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Most relevant research papers on this topic
Sustainability and Resilience in Smart City Planning: A Review
Urban planning should consider sustainability and resilience as key aspects of smart city planning, aiming for a complex systems approach and synchronization between inter-urban and intra-urban processes.
Systematic ReviewUrban Planning and Sustainable Development
Sustainable urban development requires ambitious policies to limit energy consumption, reduce pollution, and protect natural areas and arable land, while promoting alliance-building among those supporting equity and environmental values.
Highly CitedRethinking sustainable urban development: towards an integrated planning and development process
An integrated urban planning and development process can support sustainable urban development efforts and advance sustainability agendas in cities.
Literature ReviewHighly CitedAn urban planning sustainability framework: Systems approach to blue green urban design
The Urban Planning Sustainability Framework (UPSUF) integrates sustainability evaluation, design solutions, and planning system processes, promoting sustainable urban development and fostering partnerships between public and private sectors.
Highly CitedSustainable and Integrated Urban Planning and Governance in Metropolitan and Medium-Sized Cities
Integrated Strategies for Sustainable Urban Development (ISUD) in Barcelona and Évora promote sustainable urban planning, but need stronger citizen involvement and can face challenges in medium-sized towns facing depopulation trends.
Planning for Metropolitan Sustainability
Sustainable development in metropolitan contexts requires a holistic, long-term planning approach, focusing on compact urban forms, reduced automobile use, ecosystem protection, and improved equity.
Highly CitedUrban Planning and Sustainable Land Use
This Special Issue aims to gather diverse literature on urban planning and sustainable land use, contributing to addressing global challenges of sustainable urban development.
Smart sustainable cities of the future: An extensive interdisciplinary literature review
Smart sustainable cities offer promising solutions to urban sustainability, but more research is needed to address key limitations and develop a convincing model for strategic urban development.
Literature ReviewHighly CitedURBAN PLANNING WITH THE GOALS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Compact urban development, based on social, economic, and environmental principles, can achieve a balanced balance between social, economic, and environmental goals.
Urban planning and sustainable cities
This review highlights the current progress in research on sustainable cities, planning, and assessment, providing guidance for local authorities and city governments to work towards urban sustainability in the future.
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