The initial prodrome of bipolar disorder is characterized by mood dysregulation, but current predictions based solely on early phenomenology require more in-depth studies.

Symptoms and signs of the initial prodrome of bipolar disorder: a systematic review.

Bipolar disorder is characterized by dramatic "highs" and "lows" (manic and depressive episodes) that can last hours or weeks, with a greater risk of suicide than the general population.

[On bipolar disorder].

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe mental disorder characterized by alternate episodes of manic and depressive symptoms, with differences in etiology influenced by genetic expression and environmental factors.

Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder and Its Distinction with Other Disorder

Sub-syndromal residual symptoms are a significant issue in recurrent bipolar disorder and require therapeutic intervention.

Sub-syndromal and syndromal symptoms in the longitudinal course of bipolar disorder

Seasonal patterns in bipolar disorder are observed, with climatic conditions potentially triggering symptoms or episodes.

Seasonality and bipolar disorder: a systematic review, from admission rates to seasonality of symptoms.

The initial prodrome of bipolar disorder lasts 27.1  23.1 months, and subthreshold symptoms before a recurrent mood episode are short, requiring early identification and prevention strategies.

The Bipolar Prodrome: Meta-Analysis of Symptom Prevalence Prior to Initial or Recurrent Mood Episodes.

Mixed symptoms are more prevalent in depressive = [hypo]manic episodes of bipolar disorder than depression in major depressive disorder.

Mixed symptoms in major depressive and bipolar disorders: A systematic review.

Modest changes in severity of depression are associated with significant changes in functional impairment and disability in people with bipolar disorder, while changes in mania or hypomania are not consistently associated with differences in functioning.

Mood symptoms, functional impairment, and disability in people with bipolar disorder: specific effects of mania and depression.

Biomarkers that differentiate bipolar disorder from unipolar depression could improve diagnosis and provide targets for developing new personalised treatments for all affective disorders.

Bipolar disorder diagnosis: challenges and future directions

Activation is a distinct symptom from mood in bipolar disorder, with lower activity levels during euthymia and depression, and understudied.

Activation in Bipolar Disorders: A Systematic Review

Bipolar depression is a complex psychiatric condition with high suicide risk and unmet needs, requiring prompt and accurate diagnosis and ongoing treatment in primary care.

Bipolar depression: the clinical characteristics and unmet needs of a complex disorder

Early identification of depression with early onset, recurrent course, and mixed symptoms is crucial for early stage bipolar diagnosis, but current management strategies need improvement.

Depression Preceding Diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder is a common and costly mental health condition, with screening and effective treatments available for primary care clinicians to effectively manage high-risk groups.

Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder is linked to chronic stress and inflammation, driven by contemporary Western lifestyles, and reducing these factors through lifestyle changes is crucial for effective treatment.

Bipolar disorder: An evolutionary psychoneuroimmunological approach

Severe mood dysregulation in youths is a syndrome with uncertain diagnostic status, characterized by severe irritability and hyperarousal symptoms, but not bipolar disorder.

Severe mood dysregulation, irritability, and the diagnostic boundaries of bipolar disorder in youths.

Bipolar disorders affect over 1% of the global population and can lead to cognitive impairment, increased mortality, and comorbidities, making early diagnosis and effective treatment crucial.

Bipolar Disorders

The correct definition of hypomania is crucial for diagnosing bipolar disorder, as evidence suggests a broad spectrum of disorders and modifying hypomania criteria may be clinically valid.

Diagnostic issues in bipolar disorder

Higher levels of dispositional mindfulness in bipolar disorder patients are associated with reduced residual depressive and anxiety symptoms and improved quality of life, but not with residual mania symptoms.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RESIDUAL MOOD SYMPTOMS, DISPOSITIONAL MINDFULNESS, AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN BIPOLAR DISORDER

Bipolar disorders are complex, chronic, and highly heritable, with lithium being the gold standard mood-stabilizing agent and lamotrigine for treating and preventing bipolar depression.

Bipolar disorders

Bipolar disorder has a community lifetime prevalence of 4% and is a severely impairing illness with high rates of disability and mortality, contributing to increased healthcare costs and decreased productivity.

Diagnostic features, prevalence, and impact of bipolar disorder.

What are the symptoms of bipolar disorder?

These studies suggest that the symptoms of bipolar disorder include alternating manic and depressive episodes, mood dysregulation, mixed symptoms, and seasonal patterns, with significant functional impairment during depressive phases.