What are the symptoms of fibroids?
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Symptoms of Uterine Fibroids
Uterine fibroids, also known as leiomyomas or myomas, are the most common benign tumors in women of reproductive age. While many women with fibroids are asymptomatic, a significant number experience a variety of symptoms that can impact their quality of life.
Menstrual Disturbances
One of the most common symptoms of fibroids is abnormal uterine bleeding. This can manifest as heavy menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia), prolonged periods, or bleeding between periods (intermenstrual bleeding) . These bleeding issues can lead to anemia, which is characterized by fatigue and weakness due to a reduced number of red blood cells.
Pelvic Pain and Discomfort
Fibroids can cause pelvic pain that is not related to menstruation. This pain can be chronic and persistent, affecting daily activities . Additionally, fibroids can lead to dysmenorrhea, which is severe menstrual cramps.
Pressure Symptoms
Large fibroids can exert pressure on surrounding organs, leading to a sensation of bloating, increased urinary frequency, urinary retention, and bowel disturbances such as constipation . This pressure can also cause a noticeable increase in abdominal girth, which some women find aesthetically displeasing.
Reproductive Issues
Fibroids can compromise reproductive function in several ways. They are associated with subfertility, early pregnancy loss, preterm labor, and complications during pregnancy such as malpresentations and an increased need for cesarean sections . The location of the fibroid, particularly if it is submucosal (extending into the uterine cavity), can significantly impact fertility and pregnancy outcomes .
Other Symptoms
Other symptoms associated with fibroids include low back pain, dyspareunia (painful intercourse), and general pelvic discomfort . These symptoms can vary in severity depending on the size, number, and location of the fibroids.
Conclusion
Uterine fibroids can present with a wide range of symptoms, from menstrual disturbances and pelvic pain to pressure symptoms and reproductive issues. The severity and type of symptoms experienced can vary greatly among women, influenced by factors such as the size, number, and location of the fibroids. Understanding these symptoms is crucial for effective diagnosis and management of fibroids.
Sources and full results
Most relevant research papers on this topic
Clinical presentation of fibroids.
Uterine Fibroids: Diagnosis and Treatment.
Uterine Fibroids
Epidemiology and management of uterine fibroids
Infertility in patients with uterine fibroids: a debate about the hypothetical mechanisms
Endometrial Angiogenesis of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding and Infertility in Patients with Uterine Fibroids—A Systematic Review
Preoperative medical therapy before surgery for uterine fibroids.
Uterine fibroid management: from the present to the future
Modern management of uterine fibroids
Vascular Biology of Uterine Fibroids: Connecting Fibroids and Vascular Disorders.
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