A unified pathophysiology of 'functional' symptoms, with high correlations between self-reported and objective measures, supports the unification of functional and somatic syndromes in classification schemes and future research.

The complex syndrome of functional neurological disorder

Neurological disorders in young people are characterized by structural, biochemical, or electrical abnormalities in the brain, spinal cord, or nerves, resulting in various symptoms.

A Prospective on the Biological Disease of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders in Young people

Shared symptoms and conditions, such as bladder and urinary problems, incontinence, fatigue, muscle weakness, depression, and sleep apnoea, are common across five neurological disorders, potentially informing risk prevention and disease management strategies.

1293Identifying Shared Symptoms and Comorbidities to Inform Risk Reduction Strategies Across Prevalent Neurological disorders

Neurological disorders are medically defined as disorders that affect the brain as well as the nerves found throughout the human body and the spinal cord. Structural, biochemical or electrical abnormalities in the brain, spinal cord or other nerves can result in a range of symptoms. Examples of symptoms include paralysis, muscle weakness, poor coordination, loss of sensation, seizures, confusion, pain and altered levels of consciousness’.

Biological Disease of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders in Adolescents

Long-COVID syndrome, a multi-organ disorder with neurological symptoms, is highly prevalent among COVID-19 survivors, with neuroinflammatory and oxidative stress processes likely contributing to its manifestation.

Neurological manifestations of long-COVID syndrome: a narrative review

Neurological disorders in young patients are often viewed as a biological disease, with a focus on understanding the brain and nervous system as a whole unit.

An Approach on the Biological Disease of Psychiatric and Neurological Disorders in Young patients

The integrated etiological summary model suggests that functional neurological symptom disorder (FNSD) is influenced by trauma, psychiatric symptoms, somatic symptoms, illness exposure, symptom monitoring, and neurobiological factors.

A review of functional neurological symptom disorder etiology and the integrated etiological summary model.

Neurologists play a crucial role in managing functional neurological disorder, with a focus on diagnostic discussion, specific treatment strategies, and interdisciplinary service structures.

Management of functional neurological disorder

Physical symptoms in neurological conditions can be effectively managed through patient-centered assessment, timely intervention, open discussion, realistic goal setting, planning, coordination of care, and regular review.

Physical Symptoms in Neurological Conditions

Chronic fatigue is a common symptom in neurological diseases, with various causes and treatments.

Fatigue in neurological disorders

Neurological diseases are characterized by abnormal tissue pathology in the brain and spinal cord, resulting in symptoms like paralysis, muscle weakness, poor coordination, loss of sensation, seizures, confusion, pain, and altered levels of consciousness.

Patterns of Tissue Pathology in Neurological Diseases

Functional neurological disorder (FND) is now a rule-in diagnosis with available treatments, including physical and occupational therapy for motor symptoms and psychotherapy for seizure type symptoms.

Diagnosis and management of functional neurological disorder

Functional neurological disorders can be diagnosed and treated using specific physical rehabilitation and psychological interventions, potentially reversing disability.

Current Concepts in Diagnosis and Treatment of Functional Neurological Disorders

Coenzyme Q10 has neuroprotective effects against neurological diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, PD, LHON, ARCA2, SCAR9, and stroke, through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

Neuroprotective effects of coenzyme Q10 on neurological diseases: a review article

Functional neurological symptoms are not more'made up' than irritable bowel or chronic pain, and can be diagnosed and managed effectively without detailed understanding of individual patient aetiology.

Functional neurological symptoms.

COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines may be a precipitant factor for functional neurological disorders in patients with chronic symptoms.

Functional neurological disorders after COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: a national multicentre observational study

Functional neurological disorder (FND) is caused by dysfunction in various brain circuits, affecting emotion processing, agency, attention, interoception, and predictive processing/inference.

A framework for understanding the pathophysiology of functional neurological disorder

A diagnostic algorithm using PET and SPECT scans can help clinicians identify functional neurological symptom disorder by identifying hypoactivation in the frontal lobe and poor clinicoradiological correspondence and time stability.

Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder: A Diagnostic Algorithm

Early detection of neurological disorders through MRI images can increase patient life expectancy and improve curative procedures.

Prognosis of Neurological Disorder

Neurological disorders are diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems, affecting the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, nerve roots, autonomic nervous system, neuromuscular junction, and muscles.

An idea of Neurological Disorders

What are the symptoms of neurological disorders?

These studies suggest that symptoms of neurological disorders include paralysis, muscle weakness, poor coordination, loss of sensation, seizures, confusion, pain, altered levels of consciousness, bladder and urinary problems, incontinence, fatigue, depression, and sleep apnoea.