What are the symptoms of typhoid fever?

Introduction

Typhoid fever is a systemic infection primarily caused by the bacterium Salmonella enterica serotype typhi. It is characterized by a range of symptoms and is associated with morbidity and mortality worldwide.

Key Insights from Research Papers

Fever and Gastrointestinal Symptoms: Fever is the most consistent symptom of typhoid fever, often accompanied by gastrointestinal issues such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, and anorexia .
Hematological Changes: Patients with typhoid fever may exhibit hematological changes such as eosinopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukocytosis, and leucopenia .
Atypical Presentations: Classic signs like rose spots, relative bradycardia, and stepwise fevers are not always present, and atypical symptoms such as headache, malaise, and non-productive cough may occur .
Complications and Severity: Complications can include severe conditions like endotoxic shock, enteric encephalopathy, and gastrointestinal hemorrhage, although these are less common. The severity of the disease can range from mild to fatal if untreated.

Conclusion

Typhoid fever predominantly presents with fever and a variety of gastrointestinal symptoms. Hematological changes are also common, and while classic signs may not always be evident, a range of atypical symptoms can occur. The severity of the disease can vary, with potential for serious complications.

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What are the symptoms of typhoid fever?

Summary

Introduction

Key Insights from Research Papers

Conclusion

Sources and full results

Current trends in typhoid fever

Typhoid fever is a global health issue with multidrug resistance, empiric treatment is fluoroquinolone, and prevention involves good sanitation and food handling practices.

Typhoid fever: pathogenesis and disease

Typhoid fever pathogenesis involves Salmonella typhi adherence to gut epithelial cells, dissemination to systemic sites, and survival and replication within host cells.

Typhoid fever below five years.

Typhoid fever in children under five years is rare, but fever, vomiting, diarrhea, and anorexia are common, with no deaths observed.

Symptoms and Laboratory Findings of Patients Diagnosed with Typhoid Fever at the Time of Admission into the Health Service Facility

The most common symptoms of typhoid fever at the time of admission are fever, nausea, headache, vomit, diarrhea, or loose stool, with relative bradycardia and bicytopenia being more frequent than strong indications of typhoid fever.

Typhoid fever. An epidemic with remarkably few clinical signs and symptoms.

Typhoid fever in this outbreak had a nonspecific, mild manifestation and uniformly favorable outcome, with initial diagnoses often being urinary tract and upper respiratory tract infections.

Hematological Changes in Typhoid Fever

Typhoid fever causes hematological changes, particularly anemia and thrombocytopenia, in patients with low socio-economic status and un-educated backgrounds, with fever being the most common symptom.

[Typhoid fever--paratyphoid fever].

Typhoid fever presents differently than common salmonellosis, with initial symptoms including sustained fever, anorexia, lethargy, malaise, and non-productive cough, while vomiting and diarrhea are often absent.

Typhoid Fever

Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonella enterica serovar typhi and is primarily caused by poor sanitation and fecal contamination of water and food supplies, with a mortality rate of 10%.

Neurologic Manifestations Associated with an Outbreak of Typhoid Fever, Malawi - Mozambique, 2009: An Epidemiologic Investigation

Neurologic signs may complicate typhoid fever, and the diagnosis should be considered in individuals with acute febrile neurologic illness in endemic areas.

Public Health: Typhoid fever

Typhoid fever is a common and potentially fatal illness caused by Salmonella typhi, often resulting from poor sanitation and high population density.

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