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10 papers analyzed
These studies suggest that the optimal window-to-wall ratio varies based on factors like building orientation, climate, and specific energy and comfort goals, with ratios ranging from 15% to 60% being effective in different contexts.
20 papers analyzed
The window-to-wall ratio (WWR) is a critical factor in building design, influencing energy consumption, visual comfort, and thermal performance. This synthesis explores the optimal WWR for various building types and climates, focusing on visual and energy performance.
Energy Consumption and WWR:
Visual Comfort and Daylighting:
Building Orientation and WWR:
Technological Approaches to WWR Optimization:
The optimal window-to-wall ratio is a balance between energy efficiency and visual comfort, influenced by building orientation, climate, and facade design. Generally, a WWR of 30% to 60% is recommended for optimal daylighting, while energy performance varies with climate and orientation. Technological tools like machine learning and simulation models are essential for accurate WWR optimization.
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