The eye of the beholder: parents' view on sex of newborns.

doi:10.1111/J.1939-0025.1974.TB00905.X

Paper

The eye of the beholder: parents' view on sex of newborns.

Published Jul 1, 1974 · J. Rubin, F. J. Provenzano, Z. Luria

The American journal of orthopsychiatry

Q1 SJR score

340

Citations

5

Influential Citations

Full textSemantic Scholar

Abstract

Thirty pairs of primiparous parents, fifteen with sons and fifteen with daughters, were interviewed within the first 24 hours postpartum. Although male and female infants did not differ in birth length, weight, or Apgar scores, daughters were significantly more likely than sons to be described as little, beautiful, pretty, and cute, and as resembling their mothers. Fathers made more extreme and stereotyped rating judgments of their newborns than did mothers. Findings suggest that sex-typing and sex-role socialization have already begun at birth.

Observational Study

Highly Cited

Study Snapshot

Daughters are more likely to be described as little, beautiful, pretty, and cute than sons, with fathers making more extreme and stereotyped judgments of newborns.

PopulationOlder adults (50-71 years)

Sample size24

MethodsObservational

OutcomesBody Mass Index projections

ResultsSocial networks mitigate obesity in older groups.

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The eye of the beholder: parents' view on sex of newborns.

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References

Fathers' verbal interaction with infants in the first three months of life.

Fathers spend little time verbally engaging with infants in the first three months of life, with interactions varying by time of day, infant age, sex, and activity type.

Father participation in infancy.

Father-infant relationships vary widely among middle-class individuals, with no consistent factor for both sexes, but there are significant correlations supporting the need for further developmental studies.

The warm-cold variable in first impressions of persons.

First impressions of persons are influenced by the observer's expectations, prior information, and cultural stereotypes, leading to a variety of perceptions and reactions.

Attitudinal effects of mere exposure.

Repeated exposure to a stimulus object enhances an individual's attitude towards it, as evidenced by the correlation between affective connotation and word frequency.

Citations

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The Building Blocks of Thought

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Affective distress and heteronormative futurity in American puberty video discourse

American puberty videos first manufacture distress in on-screen children, then introduce trusted adults to mitigate and recast distress as a normal part of growing up, reinforcing cis-/heteronormativity and reproductive futurity.

Human infant cries communicate distress and elicit sex stereotypes: Cross cultural evidence

Low-pitched baby cries are more often perceived as produced by boys than girls, indicating stable and robust sex stereotypes across diverse human populations.

Intersecting effects of sex/gender and autism on structural language: A scoping review

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