Paper
Eficacia de la terapia grupal en la calidad de vida y el estado emocional en mujeres con cáncer de mama
Published 2007 · Ascensión Bellver Pérez
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Abstract
espanolObjetivos: El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la eficacia de la intervencion de la terapia grupal en el estado emocional y la calidad de vida de las mujeres con cancer de mama al finalizar los tratamientos medicos. Ademas, evaluamos la eficacia entre dos tipos de terapia en las mismas variables. El programa de intervencion grupal consta de dos modulos: uno donde se trabaja autoestima y habilidades de comunicacion, y el otro se entrena a las pacientes con tecnicas cognitivo-conductuales para manejo de estados emocionales. Material y metodo: La muestra consta de 91 mujeres diagnosticadas de un cancer de mama no metastatico que en el momento de incorporarse a la terapia grupal se encuentran libres de enfermedad y en seguimiento. La media de edad de las mujeres es 49,5 + 8,2 con un rango de edad entre 31 y 74 anos, la mayoria de mujeres estan casadas 82%. Fueron divididas en dos grupos, en el grupo de psicoterapia autoestima y habilidades de comunicacion (n=42) y en el grupo de estado de animo (n=49). Los instrumentos de evaluacion para la calidad de vida y distres psicologico son el cuestionario FACT-B (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast) y la Escala Hospitalaria de Ansiedad y Depresion (HADS). Se llevo a cabo un estudio descriptivo de los datos, MANOVA de medias repetidas y diseno factorial mixto. Resultados: Los resultados muestran un efecto estadisticamente significativo de la intervencion de la terapia grupal en ansiedad y depresion (p EnglishObjective: The aim of this study was to evaluated the efficacy of group psychotherapy interventions on quality of life and its impact on distress response of women with breast cancer. Furthermore, we analyzed the differences between two types of group psychotherapy in the same variables. The group interventions consisted on six weekly sessions, one group was working self-esteem and communication abilities, and the other was training cognitive behavioural techniques. Methods: The sample consisted of 91 women with non-metastatic breast cancer who received group psychotherapy after medical treatment. The age mean was 49.5 + 8.2 with age range between 31 and 74 years. The most women were married 82%. The women were divided into two groups: self-esteem and communication abilities (n=42) and cognitive behavioral therapy (n=49). The women completed the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast FACT-B (4th version) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) at the beginning and the end of group psychotherapy and three mounts follow up. The statistical analyses were MANOVA repeated-measures and design factorial mixed. Results: The results showed statistical significant improvements of group psychotherapy in anxiety and depression (p Conclusions: Both groups are associated with significant benefits. The results demonstrate evidence for the effectiveness of both group psychotherapy for women with breast cancer, increasing quality of life and decreasing anxiety and depression. The results indicate that this program meets the needs of woman and can be regarded as a successful intervention in after oncology treatment
Group psychotherapy, either focusing on self-esteem and communication skills or cognitive behavioral techniques, significantly improves quality of life and reduces anxiety and depression in women with breast cancer after medical treatment.
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