A Human Thrifty Phenotype Associated With Less Weight Loss During Caloric Restriction

doi:10.2337/db14-1881

Paper

A Human Thrifty Phenotype Associated With Less Weight Loss During Caloric Restriction

Published May 11, 2015 · Martin Reinhardt, M. Thearle, Mostafa Ibrahim

Diabetes

Q1 SJR score

79

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2

Influential Citations

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Abstract

Successful weight loss is variable for reasons not fully elucidated. Whether effective weight loss results from smaller reductions in energy expenditure during caloric restriction is not known. We analyzed whether obese individuals with a “thrifty” phenotype, that is, greater reductions in 24-h energy expenditure during fasting and smaller increases with overfeeding, lose less weight during caloric restriction than those with a “spendthrift” phenotype. During a weight-maintaining period, 24-h energy expenditure responses to fasting and 200% overfeeding were measured in a whole-room indirect calorimeter. Volunteers then underwent 6 weeks of 50% caloric restriction. We calculated the daily energy deficit (kilocalories per day) during caloric restriction, incorporating energy intake and waste, energy expenditure, and daily activity. We found that a smaller reduction in 24-h energy expenditure during fasting and a larger response to overfeeding predicted more weight loss over 6 weeks, even after accounting for age, sex, race, and baseline weight, as well as a greater rate of energy deficit accumulation. The success of dietary weight loss efforts is influenced by the energy expenditure response to caloric restriction. Greater decreases in energy expenditure during caloric restriction predict less weight loss, indicating the presence of thrifty and spendthrift phenotypes in obese humans.

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Study Snapshot

Obese individuals with a thrifty phenotype, reducing energy expenditure during fasting, predict less weight loss during caloric restriction, while those with a spendthrift phenotype, increasing energy expenditure during overfeeding, predict more weight loss.

PopulationOlder adults (50-71 years)

Sample size24

MethodsObservational

OutcomesBody Mass Index projections

ResultsSocial networks mitigate obesity in older groups.

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A Human Thrifty Phenotype Associated With Less Weight Loss During Caloric Restriction

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