The Photo-sensitized oxidation of ethanol

doi:10.1098/rspa.1954.0212

Paper

The Photo-sensitized oxidation of ethanol

Published Sep 14, 1954 · J. Bolland, H. R. Cooper

Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences

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55

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Abstract

Certain anthraquinonoid derivatives act as photosensitizers of the autoxidation of ethanol. In this quantitative investigation the process has been studied in aqueous solution under non-alkaline conditions using anthraquinone 2:6 disodium sulphonate. This sensitizer operates by an extremely efficient cyclic mechanism, abstracting hydrogen from the ethanol to give a semi-quinone radical which is rapidly reconverted to the original quinone by reaction with molecular oxygen. The reaction products are acetaldehyde, acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide; it has been demonstrated that the acetic acid is a primary product. Autoxidation proceeds by a non-chain mechanism involving radicals of the peroxy type, H I CH3.COO.. | OH A detailed kinetic analysis of the proposed reaction scheme leads to expresisions relating the product yields to the experimental conditions which are in accordance with the observed results. Consideration of the limiting product yields at high oxygen pressures provides evidence regarding the mode of interaction of two peroxy radicals. The mechanism is applicable in general to compounds containing primary or secondary alcoholic groupings and provides a new interpretation of the inhibitory action of alcohols. Although the autoxidation of ethanol differs both in kinetic characteristics and in the non-peroxidic nature of some of the primary products from the olefinic and aldehydic systems which have been the subject of intensive study in recent years, the same basic principles of hydrogen abstraction followed by oxygen addition persist.

Study Snapshot

Anthraquinone 2:6 disodium sulphonate efficiently photosensitizes ethanol's autoxidation, producing acetic acid, acetaldehyde, and hydrogen peroxide, with acetic acid as a primary product.

PopulationOlder adults (50-71 years)

Sample size24

MethodsObservational

OutcomesBody Mass Index projections

ResultsSocial networks mitigate obesity in older groups.

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The Photo-sensitized oxidation of ethanol

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References

Citations

Direct Photocatalyzed Hydrogen Atom Transfer (HAT) for Aliphatic C–H Bonds Elaboration

Direct photocatalyzed hydrogen atom transfer (d-HAT) is a versatile method for elaborating aliphatic C-H bonds in organic compounds, with potential applications in various synthetic fields.

Ethanol determination using pressure mobilization and free solution capillary electrophoresis by photo-oxidation assisted ultraviolet detection.

Ethanol can be detected and quantified using pressure mobilization and capillary electrophoresis, enabling monitoring of lignocellulosic fermentation processes.

Photochemical transformations of anthraquinone in polymeric alcohols

Photolysis of anthraquinone in polymeric alcohols does not result in the formation of anthrahydroquinone, but instead produces an adduct of hydroxyanthracene and polymeric alcohol.

Solvent effects on the AIBN forced degradation of cumene: Implications for forced degradation practices.

Methanol in forced stress solvents significantly reduces alkoxy radical reactivity, reducing degradation rate and leaving cumene hydroperoxide as the major product, improving prediction in oxidative forced stress experiments.

Photostability of Anthraquinone and Azo Dyes in N‐Ethylacetamide (Nylon Model)

N-ethylacetamide is a suitable nylon model for studying dye fading, with photostability of anthraquinone and azo dyes influenced by electron-donating power of substituent groups and dye conjugation.

Flash Photolysis of Vat Dyes

Flash photolysis reveals that commercial vat dyes in solution produce similar semiquinone radicals and radical-ion species, with active dyes yielding greater amounts of radicals and longer lifetimes than inactive dyes.

Studies on Aminoanthraquinone Compounds IV–Photochemistry of some Simple Derivatives in Solution and on Polymer Films

The photochemical behavior of anthraquinone dyes in organic solvents and polymer systems can show considerable differences, challenging the dye-ethanol system model for textile dye degradation.

Studies on Aminoanthraquinone Compounds

There is no clear relationship between the ease of photoreduction of a dye and its ability to sensitize the photochemical degradation of textile fibers.