Paper
Review: Milk and Milk Products, Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 and Cancer
Published 2018 · S. Sutariya, V. Sunkesula, Ramamurti N. Kumar
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Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) has a structure similar to insulin. IGF-1 plays a role in growth-promoting process that is essential for normal growth and development. Physiological levels of IGF-1 in milk are ranged from 0.3 to 15 ng/ml. Milk from cows treated with recombinant bovine growth hormone (rBGH) contained higher mean IGF-1 levels as compared to milk from cows not treated with rBGH. However, this value was well within physiological limits of naturally occurring IGF-1 in milk from cows not treated with rBGH. Various studies have contradicted the intact passage of orally fed IGF-1 through the gastrointestinal tract and reaching the plasma. IGF-1 was undetectable in milk heated to temperatures (121°C for 5 minutes). Various studies have indicated association between IGF-1 and different types of cancer. However further studies are required to establish strong conclusive correlation. When it comes to association of IGF-1 from milk and milk product, we found studies indicating association between IGF-1 and different cancer as well as studies contradicting these findings. Moreover, further studies are required to establish strong conclusive correlation. The natural variation in individual’s IGF-1 producing capabilities were not considered in these studies and that’s an important factor to consider. FDA in their report (2009) concluded that, biologically significant levels of intact IGF-I from milk would not be absorbed in human and it presents no increased health risk to consumers.
IGF-1 levels in milk and milk products may be associated with various cancers, but further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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