Brain tumor symptoms headache

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Brain Tumor Symptoms: Headache

Prevalence and Types of Headaches in Brain Tumor Patients

Headaches are a common symptom in patients with brain tumors, occurring in approximately 48-60% of cases . These headaches can be similar to tension-type headaches in 40-77% of patients, while a smaller percentage experience migraine-type headaches . The pain is often dull and of moderate intensity, and it is not always localized to a specific area.

Characteristics of Brain Tumor-Associated Headaches

Brain tumor headaches often have distinct characteristics that differentiate them from other types of headaches. They are typically bifrontal but can be worse on the side of the tumor. Unlike classic tension-type headaches, brain tumor headaches can worsen with activities such as bending over and are often accompanied by nausea or vomiting in 32-40% of patients . The "classic" early morning headache, which worsens when lying down or during coughing, is less common than previously thought .

Risk Factors and Associated Symptoms

Certain factors can increase the likelihood of experiencing headaches due to brain tumors. A positive family history of headaches and the presence of meningiomas are significant risk factors. Additionally, patients with pre-existing primary headaches are more predisposed to developing secondary headaches associated with brain tumors.

Headaches in brain tumor patients are often accompanied by other symptoms and neurological signs. These can include nausea, vomiting, papilledema, and hypoactive tendon reflexes. In children, symptoms such as diplopia, coma, stiff neck, and personality changes are more frequently associated with headaches in those with supratentorial tumors.

Diagnostic Considerations

The diagnosis of brain tumor-related headaches requires careful evaluation. Headaches that develop in close temporal relation to the tumor, worsen with the tumor's progression, or improve following treatment are indicative of a brain tumor. Physicians should look for "red flags" such as a significant change in headache pattern, the presence of neurological abnormalities, or headaches that worsen with specific activities.

Conclusion

Headaches are a significant symptom in patients with brain tumors, often presenting with specific characteristics that can aid in diagnosis. While they share similarities with tension-type and migraine headaches, brain tumor headaches are frequently accompanied by other symptoms and can worsen with certain activities. Recognizing these patterns and associated risk factors is crucial for timely and accurate diagnosis.