Burning sensation in throat causes
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Common Causes of Burning Sensation in the Throat
Hyperacidity and Acid Reflux
One of the most common causes of a burning sensation in the throat is hyperacidity. In a study of patients with this symptom, over 70% were found to have hyperacidity, and most responded well to antacid treatment. Acid reflux and esophagitis were also identified as possible causes, though less frequently than hyperacidity itself. The burning sensation may sometimes be a referred symptom from the stomach due to excess acid production .
Spicy and Irritating Foods
Consumption of spicy or irritating foods can also lead to a burning or scratching sensation in the throat. A study focusing on adolescents who consumed spicy snacks like "Kurkure" found that stopping these foods led to significant relief from burning and pain in the throat within a few days. The irritation was also visible as congestion in the oropharynx, which improved after discontinuing the offending foods .
Thermal Burns from Hot Foods or Drinks
Eating or drinking excessively hot foods can cause thermal burns in the throat, leading to a burning sensation, pain, and sometimes hoarseness. These burns can be mild or, in severe cases, cause swelling that may obstruct the airway. Most cases can be managed conservatively, but severe burns require careful monitoring .
Exposure to Toxic Substances and Plants
Certain toxic plants, such as castor bean, dieffenbachia, caladium, and some philodendrons, can cause intense burning and irritation in the mouth and throat if ingested. In severe cases, swelling from these toxins can block the airway, making them potentially life-threatening. Other plants like mistletoe and poinsettia can also cause irritation, though usually less severe .
Chemical Irritants (e.g., Riot Control Agents)
Exposure to chemical irritants like CS gas (commonly used in riot control) can cause an immediate burning sensation in the eyes, nose, and throat. This is often followed by other symptoms such as sore throat, coughing, and increased salivation. Ingesting these chemicals can also lead to nausea and vomiting .
Conclusion
A burning sensation in the throat can result from a variety of causes, including hyperacidity, spicy or irritating foods, thermal burns from hot foods, exposure to toxic plants, and chemical irritants. Identifying the underlying cause is important for effective treatment and prevention of complications. Most cases resolve with removal of the irritant or appropriate medical management.
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