Can drinking water lower cholesterol
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Can Drinking Water Lower Cholesterol?
Introduction to Water and Cholesterol
Cholesterol management is a critical aspect of cardiovascular health. While medications and lifestyle changes are commonly recommended, recent studies have explored the potential of water consumption, particularly mineral and deep seawater, in lowering cholesterol levels.
Mineral Water and Cholesterol Reduction
Sodium-Bicarbonated Mineral Water
Several studies have demonstrated that sodium-bicarbonated mineral water can positively impact cholesterol levels. In a randomized controlled trial, moderately hypercholesterolemic adults who consumed 1 liter per day of sodium-bicarbonated mineral water showed significant reductions in total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels. Another study with young adults also reported similar findings, with significant decreases in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B after consuming sodium-bicarbonated mineral water for eight weeks. Additionally, postmenopausal women who drank sodium-rich carbonated mineral water experienced a 6.8% reduction in total cholesterol and a 14.8% reduction in LDL cholesterol.
Deep Seawater
Deep seawater (DSW) has also been shown to have cholesterol-lowering effects. In a study involving hypercholesterolemic subjects, those who consumed DSW with high magnesium content experienced significant reductions in total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels over six weeks. Animal studies further support these findings, showing that DSW consumption led to decreased serum cholesterol and improved cardiovascular markers in high-fat diet-fed hamsters.
Mechanisms of Action
Replacement of High-Calorie Beverages
One of the mechanisms by which water consumption may lower cholesterol is through the replacement of high-calorie, sugary beverages. In the study involving mineral water, participants reduced their intake of soft drinks and fruit juices, which likely contributed to the observed decrease in cholesterol levels.
Alkalizing and Antioxidant Effects
Sodium-bicarbonated mineral water has an alkalizing effect on the body, which may contribute to its cholesterol-lowering properties. This type of water also showed a reduction in lipid oxidation, which is beneficial for cardiovascular health. Similarly, DSW has antioxidant properties that help reduce lipid peroxidation, further supporting its role in lowering cholesterol.
Improved Lipid Metabolism
Hydrogen-rich water has been found to improve lipid metabolism by decreasing LDL cholesterol and enhancing HDL functionality. This includes protection against LDL oxidation and stimulation of cholesterol efflux from macrophage foam cells, which are critical processes in maintaining healthy cholesterol levels.
Contradictory Findings
Not all studies agree on the benefits of water consumption for cholesterol management. For instance, a study on the effects of chlorinated drinking water found no significant changes in cholesterol levels among healthy humans. This suggests that the type of water and its mineral content play crucial roles in determining its impact on cholesterol.
Conclusion
The evidence suggests that certain types of water, particularly sodium-bicarbonated mineral water and deep seawater, can effectively lower cholesterol levels. These benefits are likely due to a combination of replacing high-calorie beverages, alkalizing effects, antioxidant properties, and improved lipid metabolism. However, the specific type and mineral content of the water are critical factors in achieving these health benefits.
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