Can lyrica cause seizures
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Can Lyrica Cause Seizures?
Introduction to Lyrica (Pregabalin)
Lyrica, also known by its generic name pregabalin, is a medication primarily used to treat epilepsy, neuropathic pain, and generalized anxiety disorder. It functions by binding to the alpha2-delta subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels, which reduces the release of several neurotransmitters and decreases neuronal excitability 34.
Recreational Abuse and Seizure Risk
Recent studies have highlighted the potential for seizures associated with the recreational abuse of pregabalin. A case series from an urban emergency department in Belfast reported that out of ten patients who presented after abusing pregabalin, six experienced seizures, with five of these being their first seizures. The dosages ranged from 500 to 1400 mg, and two patients required intensive care unit (ICU) admission due to the severity of their condition . This suggests that high doses of pregabalin, especially when used recreationally, can significantly increase the risk of seizures.
Anticonvulsant Properties in Controlled Use
In contrast, pregabalin is also recognized for its anticonvulsant properties when used as prescribed. Studies in rodent models have shown that pregabalin effectively prevents various types of seizures, including tonic extensor seizures and clonic seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole . These findings support its use as an adjunctive therapy for partial seizures in humans, as it helps reduce abnormal neuronal excitability 34.
Mechanism of Action
Pregabalin's mechanism of action involves binding to the alpha2-delta subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels, which reduces the synaptic release of neurotransmitters such as glutamate, norepinephrine, and substance P. This action helps to stabilize neuronal activity and prevent seizures 34. However, the same mechanism that makes pregabalin effective in controlled doses can lead to adverse effects, including seizures, when the drug is abused or taken in excessive amounts.
Conclusion
While pregabalin (Lyrica) is an effective medication for treating epilepsy and other conditions when used as prescribed, its recreational abuse can lead to severe adverse effects, including seizures. Emergency physicians and healthcare providers should be aware of the potential for seizure activity in patients presenting with pregabalin toxicity, especially at high doses. Proper medical supervision and adherence to prescribed dosages are crucial to minimizing the risk of seizures associated with pregabalin use.
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