Can manic episodes be short

Pro Research Analysisby

Searched over 200M research papers

Analyzed relevant papers

Can Manic Episodes Be Short?

Short-Duration Manic Episodes in Youth

Prevalence and Characteristics of Short Manic Episodes

Research indicates that manic episodes can indeed be short, particularly in youth. A study focusing on 8-19-year-olds found that while only a small fraction met the full DSM-IV criteria for Bipolar I or II (0.1%), a significantly higher percentage (1.1% by parent report and 1.5% by youth report) experienced episodes that met symptom and impairment criteria for mania but did not meet the duration criteria set by DSM-IV, a condition referred to as Bipolar Not Otherwise Specified (BP-NOS) . These short episodes were associated with externalizing disorders and social impairment, suggesting that even brief manic episodes can have significant impacts on daily functioning .

Detection and Management of Manic Episodes

Technological Advances in Mood-State Detection

Advancements in technology have facilitated the early detection and management of manic episodes. A study proposed a deep learning-based method using wrist-worn sensors to detect mood states in bipolar patients. This method, which analyzes actigraphy and electrodermal activity over both long (20 hours) and short (5 minutes) intervals, achieved a high accuracy rate of 91.59% in distinguishing between manic and euthymic states . This technology could be particularly useful for identifying short manic episodes that might otherwise go unnoticed.

Clinical Implications of Short Manic Episodes

Impact on Long-Term Outcomes

The clinical implications of short manic episodes are significant. A four-year follow-up study of first-episode manic patients highlighted that the presence of psychotic features and a history of alcoholism were predictors of shorter remission periods . This suggests that even short episodes can influence the long-term course of the disorder, emphasizing the need for early and effective intervention.

Efficacy of Lithium in Short-Term Treatment

Lithium has been shown to be effective in the short-term treatment of moderate to severe manic episodes. A meta-analysis of placebo-controlled studies found that lithium had a standardized effect size of 0.40 and a number needed to treat (NNT) of 6, indicating its efficacy in managing manic symptoms . This underscores the importance of considering lithium as a treatment option even for short-duration manic episodes.

Environmental Factors Influencing Manic Episodes

Air Pollution and Manic Episode Severity

Environmental factors such as air pollution can also influence the severity and characteristics of manic episodes. A study conducted in Milan, Italy, found that short-term exposure to particulate matter (PM10) was associated with a reduction in the severity of manic episodes, as measured by the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) . However, increased PM10 levels were also linked to a higher likelihood of mixed features in manic episodes, complicating the clinical management of these patients .

Conclusion

In summary, manic episodes can indeed be short, particularly in youth, and these episodes can have significant clinical and social implications. Advances in technology offer promising tools for the early detection and management of these episodes. Environmental factors and effective treatments like lithium also play crucial roles in managing the severity and outcomes of manic episodes. Understanding and addressing these short episodes is essential for improving the quality of life for individuals with bipolar disorder.

Sources and full results

Most relevant research papers on this topic

Youth meeting symptom and impairment criteria for mania-like episodes lasting less than four days: an epidemiological enquiry.

BP-NOS, a phenotype involving episodes shorter than DSM-IV duration criteria but meeting symptom and impairment criteria, is more common in youth and may contribute to social impairment beyond other psychopathology.

Observational StudyVery Rigorous JournalHighly Cited

2010·

71citations

·A. Stringaris et al.

Long–Short Ensemble Network for Bipolar Manic-Euthymic State Recognition Based on Wrist-Worn Sensors

The proposed deep learning-based ensemble method accurately detects bipolar mood states (euthymia and mania) using wrist-worn sensors, with an average accuracy of 91.59%.

Observational Study

2021·

14citations

·Ulysse Côté-Allard et al.

Four-year follow-up of twenty-four first-episode manic patients.

First-episode manic patients with psychotic features and alcoholism history have shorter remission times, and low occupational status predicts poor social adjustment at 4 years.

Observational StudyHighly Cited

1990·

139citations

·M. Tohen et al.

Magnitude of effect of lithium in short-term efficacy studies of moderate to severe manic episode.

Lithium is an effective short-term treatment for moderate to severe manic episodes, with a placebo control arm in efficacy studies being necessary due to variability in placebo response.

Meta-Analysis

2007·

48citations

·J. Storosum et al.

Short-term air pollution exposure is associated with lower severity and mixed features of manic episodes in hospitalized bipolar patients: a cross-sectional study in Milan, Italy.

Short-term air pollution exposure is associated with lower severity and mixed features of manic episodes in hospitalized bipolar patients, potentially worsening their condition and requiring more intensive management.

Observational Study

2021·

11citations

·M. Carugno et al.

[On bipolar disorder].

Bipolar disorder is characterized by dramatic "highs" and "lows" (manic and depressive episodes) that can last hours or weeks, with a greater risk of suicide than the general population.

Highly Cited

2008·

2086citations

·H. Lôo

Phenomenology of manic episodes according to the presence or absence of depressive features as defined in DSM-5: Results from the IMPACT self-reported online survey.

Bipolar disorder patients with at least 3 depressive symptoms during a manic episode experience lower prevalence of typical manic manifestations and more anxiety with irritability/agitation.

Observational StudyRigorous Journal

2014·

49citations

·E. Vieta et al.

Bipolar Disorder and Manic-Like Symptoms in Alzheimer’s, Vascular and Frontotemporal Dementia: A Systematic Review

Manic symptoms in dementia patients are associated with disease progression and treated with mood stabilizers and electroconvulsive therapy, with low-dose lithium salts potentially offering neuroprotective benefits in Alzheimer's disease.

Systematic ReviewRigorous Journal

2022·

8citations

·C. Elefante et al.

Slow and rapid onset of manic episodes: Implications for underlying biology

Rapid onset manic episodes in affectively ill patients are associated with longer illness duration, more depressive episodes, and more episodes in the year before hospital admission.

1981·

38citations

·R. Post et al.

Sociodemographic and Clinical Predictors of Response in Manic Episodes: A Naturalistic, Prospective, Cohort Study

Lithium and antipsychotics show early response in managing manic episodes, while divalproex is more effective for long-term management, with no significant differences in treatment outcomes between modalities.

Observational Study

2017·

2citations

·Jasmin Garg et al.

Try another search

age of onset for bipolar

what stage of dementia is sundowning

otc sinus meds

vitamin deficiency related diseases

concentrated pot

what do inflamed lungs feel like