Constricted affect

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Understanding Constricted Affect: Insights from Schizotypy and Chronic Pain Research

Constricted Affect in Schizotypy: Behavioral and Prosodic Analysis

Constricted affect (CA) is a significant negative symptom observed in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, characterized by a limited range of emotional expression. Research has explored whether CA is present in individuals with schizotypy, a personality organization indicative of schizophrenia liability. A study employing computerized prosodic analysis of natural speech found that individuals with schizotypy did not differ from controls in prosody measures. However, within the schizotypy group, those with increased prosodic expression exhibited positive schizotypy traits, while those with decreased prosodic expression showed negative schizotypy traits. Notably, prosodic deficits were linked to reduced prosocial behaviors, such as talking with friends, but did not affect subjective social satisfaction .

Evaluating Constricted Affect in Chronic Pain Patients

The Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) has been used to measure constricted affect in various populations, including patients with chronic, non-malignant pain. The TAS demonstrated moderate reliability and identified two principal internal factors: social introversion and a lack of proneness to fantasy. However, the scale's total scores showed no significant relationship with reported disability, pain intensity, or distress, suggesting limitations in using the TAS and the alexithymia construct to evaluate CA in chronic pain contexts .

Constricted Affect and Self-Control: Emotional Regulation Implications

Self-control, which involves inhibiting inappropriate emotional expressions, can lead to restricted emotional experiences. Research indicates that individuals with high self-control exhibit fewer emotional fluctuations and less emotional intensity. This suggests that while self-control may facilitate better interpersonal interactions, it might also result in a less rich emotional life .

Conclusion

Constricted affect is a complex phenomenon observed in various contexts, from schizotypy to chronic pain and self-control. While prosodic analysis provides insights into CA in schizotypy, the TAS may have limitations in chronic pain evaluations. Additionally, high self-control can lead to restricted emotional experiences, highlighting the nuanced nature of CA across different populations. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for developing targeted interventions to address the emotional and social challenges associated with constricted affect.

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Most relevant research papers on this topic

Understanding constricted affect in schizotypy through computerized prosodic analysis.

Prosodic deficits in individuals with schizotypy are associated with reduced prosocial behaviors without affecting social satisfaction.

Non-RCT

2011·

30citations

·Alex S Cohen et al.

Evaluation of constricted affect in chronic pain: an attempt using the Toronto Alexythymia Scale

The Toronto Alexythymia Scale shows moderate reliability in evaluating constricted affect in chronic pain patients, but may have limitations in assessing the impact of social introversion and lack of fantasy on pain intensity and distress.

Observational Study

1992·

33citations

·R. Millard et al.

Constricted migration increases DNA damage and independently represses cell cycle

Constricted migration increases DNA damage and represses cell cycle, illustrating a cancer cell fate choice of "go or grow" in dense microenvironments.

In Vitro StudyHighly Cited

2018·

84citations

·C. R. Pfeifer et al.

Nuclear failure, DNA damage, and cell cycle disruption after migration through small pores: a brief review.

Cell migration through small pores can cause nuclear deformation, DNA damage, and cell cycle disruption, potentially impacting processes from wound healing to tumorigenic invasion.

2019·

22citations

·C. R. Pfeifer et al.

Effect of airways constriction on exhaled nitric oxide.

Histamine-induced airway constriction reduces exhaled nitric oxide due to reduced NO flux in airways proximal to generation 15.

Non-RCT

2008·

49citations

·S. Verbanck et al.

Self-control linked with restricted emotional extremes

Individuals with high self-control may experience fewer emotional fluctuations and less intensity, potentially limiting their emotional life.

Observational Study

2014·

28citations

·R. Layton et al.

Constricted migration modulates stem cell differentiation

Constricted migration of stem cells can modulate tissue repair by increasing nuclear rupture, DNA damage, and modulating differentiation, with implications for bone and calcified fibrotic tissues.

2019·

20citations

·Lucas R. Smith et al.

Rescue of DNA damage after constricted migration reveals a mechano-regulated threshold for cell cycle

Constricted migration causes DNA damage and a cell cycle block, which can be rescued by antioxidants, myosin II inhibition, or overexpressed repair factors, revealing a mechano-regulated threshold for cell cycle progression.

Highly Cited

2019·

75citations

·Yuntao Xia et al.

Constricted migration is associated with stable 3D genome structure differences in cancer cells.

Constricted migration in cancer cells leads to stable 3D genome structure changes, which may epigenetically encode differences in gene expression and cellular migration phenotype.

In Vitro Study

2022·

0citations

·Rosela Golloshi et al.

Cell cycle repression and DNA repair defects follow constricted migration

Constricted migration in cancer cells leads to cell cycle repression and increased DNA damage, potentially impacting tumorigenesis.

Preprint

2017·

2citations

·C. R. Pfeifer et al.

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