Definition of data in computer science
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Definition of Data in Computer Science
Data as Information: Core Concepts and Types
In computer science, data is commonly defined as a collection of information in the form of words, numbers, or descriptions about a subject. For example, statements like "The dog has four legs, is 1.5m high, and has brown hair" contain different types of data: numerical ("four", "1.5m") and descriptive ("brown hair"). Understanding these types is essential for effective analysis and knowledge extraction . Data are raw observations or facts—such as numbers, words, measurements, or textual descriptions—collected for reference or analysis. These facts serve as the basis for reasoning, calculations, and decision-making in computing and business contexts .
Etymology and Evolution of Data in Computing
The term "data" originates from the Latin word "datum," meaning "thing given." Technically, data refers to elements that are selected and harvested from all possible information, often called "capta" (from Latin "capere," meaning "to take"). Over time, the meaning of data has evolved: in the 20th century, it came to represent any information stored and used in computing, expanding its use far beyond science and administration .
Data in the Context of Data Science and Computer Science
Data science and computer science both rely on data as the foundation for extracting information and insights. Data science, in particular, is described as a framework for discovering hidden insights in massive datasets using concepts, algorithms, and procedures. This field draws from mathematics, statistics, and computation to analyze and model data, making it accessible and useful for a wide range of applications 124. In computer science, data is not just about storage or retrieval; it is about managing, processing, and analyzing large-scale data to solve scientific and commercial problems .
The Role of Data in Modern Technology
With the rise of high-performance computing, big data, and advanced analytical methods, the collection, storage, and processing of data have become central to business, government, and research. The "volume," "velocity," and "variety" of data today require specialized skills in programming, mathematics, and domain knowledge to turn raw data into actionable insights . Data is now a critical resource for decision-making and innovation across many fields.
Conclusion
In summary, data in computer science refers to raw facts, numbers, words, or descriptions collected for analysis and decision-making. Its definition has evolved over time, but at its core, data is the essential building block for computation, analysis, and knowledge discovery in both traditional and modern technological contexts 569.
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