Definition of vitamins in nutrition
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Definition of Vitamins in Nutrition
Vitamins are essential organic compounds that the body needs in small amounts for normal metabolism, growth, development, and the regulation of cell function. They cannot be synthesized by the human body in sufficient quantities, so they must be obtained from the diet to maintain health and prevent deficiency diseases 2467.
Essential Role and Characteristics of Vitamins
Vitamins are required for the maintenance of health, growth, and the treatment of disease. Even though only small amounts are needed, their absence or insufficient intake leads to specific deficiency syndromes and health problems 246. Unlike minerals, which are inorganic, vitamins are organic substances .
Classification of Vitamins: Fat-Soluble and Water-Soluble
Vitamins are traditionally classified based on their solubility:
- Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K): These are absorbed with dietary fats, stored in the liver and body fat, and excreted in feces if not used 48.
- Water-soluble vitamins (C and the B vitamins): These are absorbed directly into the bloodstream, are not stored in large amounts, and excess amounts are excreted in urine 48.
Sources and Requirements
Since the body cannot produce most vitamins in adequate amounts, they must be obtained from food or supplements. The required intake is generally small, but it is essential for normal physiological functioning, including metabolism, immune function, and cell growth 2467.
Conclusion
In summary, vitamins are a group of essential organic nutrients that must be acquired through the diet in small amounts to support vital bodily functions, growth, and health. Their deficiency can lead to a range of health issues, highlighting their critical role in nutrition 24678.
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