Does amoxicillin raise blood sugar

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Effects of Amoxicillin on Blood Sugar Levels

Amoxicillin and Blood Glucose Levels in Mice

Research has shown that the chronic administration of amoxicillin, particularly when combined with clavulanic acid (AMC), can lead to an increase in non-fasting blood glucose levels (n-FBG) in laboratory mice. In a study involving C57BL/6 male mice, those treated with AMC at concentrations of 100 and 150 mg/kg body weight per day for 60 days exhibited a significant rise in their n-FBG levels compared to the control group . This suggests that prolonged use of amoxicillin may have a hyperglycemic effect in this animal model.

Amoxicillin's Impact on Blood Sugar in Rabbits

Contrary to the findings in mice, another study focusing on rabbits revealed a different outcome. When rabbits were administered varying doses of amoxicillin (100, 150, and 200 mg/kg body weight) for 21 days, a significant decrease in blood sugar levels was observed . This indicates that amoxicillin might have a hypoglycemic effect in rabbits, which is in stark contrast to the hyperglycemic effect seen in mice.

Conclusion

The effects of amoxicillin on blood sugar levels appear to be species-specific. In mice, chronic administration of amoxicillin, especially in combination with clavulanic acid, has been associated with increased blood glucose levels . However, in rabbits, amoxicillin administration resulted in decreased blood sugar levels . These findings highlight the importance of considering species differences when evaluating the metabolic effects of medications like amoxicillin. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms behind these differing responses and to determine the implications for human health.

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Most relevant research papers on this topic

In Vivo Pilot Study Regarding the Effects of Amoxicillin on Blood Glucose Levels, Body Weight and Water Intake

Chronic amoxicillin/clavulanic acid administration increases blood glucose levels, body weight, and daily water intake in mice.

RCTAnimal Study

2018·

0citations

·E. Mihalas et al.

Deleterious Effects of Amoxicillin on Immune System and Haematobiochemical Parameters of a Rabbit

Amoxicillin exposure in rabbits leads to stress, physiological and immunological impairments, as well as adverse effects on haematobiochemical parameters and tissue protein changes.

RCTAnimal StudyRigorous Journal

2022·

5citations

·K. Hussain et al.

Exposure to Amoxicillin in Early Life Is Associated With Changes in Gut Microbiota and Reduction in Blood Pressure: Findings From a Study on Rat Dams and Offspring

Amoxicillin exposure in early life alters gut microbiota, reducing blood pressure in young rats and their offspring, potentially benefiting hypertension-prone individuals.

Non-RCTAnimal StudyRigorous Journal

2020·

29citations

·S. Galla et al.

Oral amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate: properties, indications, and usage.

Oral amoxicillin is preferred over amoxicillin-clavulanic acid due to its shorter half-life, lower heat stability, and less gastrointestinal side effects.

Systematic ReviewRigorous JournalHighly Cited

2019·

160citations

·A. Huttner et al.

Genotoxic and cytotoxic alterations induced by environmentally-relevant concentrations of amoxicillin in blood cells of Cyprinus carpio.

Environmentally-relevant concentrations of amoxicillin can cause DNA damage and cytotoxic effects in common carp blood cells, posing a risk to this species' economic well-being.

In Vitro Study

2019·

11citations

·J. M. Orozco-Hernández et al.

Monitoring of amoxicilline and ceftazidime in the microdialysate of diabetic foot and serum by capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection

The CE-C4D method effectively monitors the passage of antibiotics amoxicilline and ceftazidime from the blood circulatory system into diabetic foot tissue and measures their pharmacokinetics after intravenous application.

2022·

15citations

·P. Tůma et al.

Effect of amoxicillin on galactose transport across rat small intestine.

Amoxicillin dose-dependently inhibits intestinal galactose transport, but does not impair intestinal oxygen consumption or oxygen consumption in adjacent loops.

In Vitro Study

1987·

7citations

·A. Alcalde et al.

Laboratory evaluation of amoxicillin.

Amoxicillin is a more active and effective penicillin than ampicillin for treating gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, with similar oral absorption and rapid bactericidal action.

1974·

30citations

·G. Rolinson

Amoxicillin: In Vitro and Pharmacological Studies

Amoxicillin is a new semisynthetic penicillin with higher serum levels after oral administration, similar to ampicillin, and is effective against gram-positive cocci and most Proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli strains.

In Vitro Study

1972·

61citations

·G. Bodey et al.

Antimicrobial activity and human pharmacology of amoxicillin.

Amoxicillin has similar antibacterial activity to ampicillin, but is more effective against Salmonella and enterococci, with a higher urinary excretion rate than ampicillin.

In Vitro StudyHighly Cited

1974·

98citations

·H. C. Neu

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