Does asthma make you cough
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Does Asthma Make You Cough?
Asthma and Chronic Cough
Asthma is a prevalent cause of chronic cough, often presenting as the sole or predominant symptom in many patients . This condition, known as cough-variant asthma (CVA), can be particularly challenging to diagnose because it may not exhibit the typical asthmatic symptoms such as wheezing and dyspnea . In CVA, the cough is a manifestation of bronchial hyperresponsiveness, which is a hallmark of asthma.
Mechanisms of Cough in Asthma
The mechanisms behind cough in asthma are complex and multifactorial. Research indicates that bronchoconstriction, a common feature of asthma, can increase the sensitivity of airway nerves, leading to an enhanced cough reflex . This is particularly evident in studies where bronchoconstriction induced by methacholine increased the frequency of capsaicin-evoked coughs. Additionally, allergen exposure has been shown to heighten cough reflex sensitivity and increase spontaneous coughing in asthmatic patients.
Cough as a Symptom in Different Asthma Types
Cough is a prominent symptom in both classic asthma and CVA, although the intensity and pattern may vary. In classic asthma, cough often accompanies wheezing and breathlessness, especially during acute attacks. Conversely, in CVA, cough may be the only symptom, occurring without the presence of wheezing or noticeable breathlessness . This distinction is crucial for diagnosis and treatment, as CVA patients may have normal physical examination and spirometry results, necessitating methacholine challenge tests to confirm bronchial hyperresponsiveness.
Treatment of Asthmatic Cough
The treatment approach for cough due to asthma generally mirrors that of typical asthma. Inhaled bronchodilators and corticosteroids are the primary treatments, with leukotriene receptor antagonists and short courses of oral corticosteroids used for more persistent cases . Despite these treatments, a significant number of patients continue to experience chronic cough, indicating a need for further research into the underlying neuronal mechanisms and potential new therapies.
Conclusion
Asthma is a common cause of chronic cough, with cough-variant asthma presenting a unique diagnostic challenge due to the absence of typical asthmatic symptoms. The mechanisms of cough in asthma involve bronchial hyperresponsiveness and heightened sensitivity of airway nerves. Effective management typically includes inhaled bronchodilators and corticosteroids, although persistent cough remains an issue for many patients. Understanding and addressing the neuronal aspects of cough in asthma could lead to better treatment outcomes and improved quality of life for affected individuals.
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