Does avocado raise cholesterol
Pro Research Analysisby 
Searched over 200M research papers
Consensus Meter
The Impact of Avocado Consumption on Cholesterol Levels
Introduction to Avocado and Cholesterol
Avocados are often touted for their health benefits, particularly in relation to heart health. They are rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), fiber, and antioxidants, which are believed to influence cholesterol levels and overall cardiovascular health. This article synthesizes findings from multiple studies to determine whether avocado consumption raises cholesterol levels.
Avocado and HDL Cholesterol
Increase in HDL Cholesterol
Several studies have shown that avocado consumption can lead to an increase in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, often referred to as "good" cholesterol. A systematic review and meta-analysis found that avocado intake significantly increased HDL cholesterol levels by an average of 2.84 mg/dL. This increase in HDL cholesterol is beneficial as it helps remove other forms of cholesterol from the bloodstream.
Avocado and LDL Cholesterol
Reduction in LDL Cholesterol
Contrary to concerns that avocados might raise cholesterol levels, multiple studies indicate that they can actually lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, known as "bad" cholesterol. A randomized controlled trial demonstrated that a diet including one avocado per day significantly reduced LDL cholesterol levels more than a moderate-fat diet without avocados. Another meta-analysis confirmed that avocado consumption significantly decreased LDL cholesterol by an average of 16.50 mg/dL.
Impact on Small, Dense LDL Particles
Avocados also appear to have a specific beneficial effect on small, dense LDL particles, which are particularly harmful and prone to oxidation. A study found that consuming one avocado per day reduced the number of these particles and decreased their oxidation, which is a key factor in the development of atherosclerosis .
Total Cholesterol and Triglycerides
No Significant Increase in Total Cholesterol
The majority of studies reviewed indicate that avocado consumption does not significantly increase total cholesterol levels. In fact, some studies report a reduction in total cholesterol. For instance, a meta-analysis found that avocado consumption led to a significant decrease in total cholesterol by an average of 18.80 mg/dL. Another study noted that while HDL cholesterol increased, there was no significant change in total cholesterol or triglycerides.
Triglyceride Levels
Regarding triglycerides, the evidence suggests that avocados do not significantly impact these levels. One study found no significant difference in triglyceride levels between those who consumed avocados and those who did not. Another meta-analysis supported this finding, showing a non-significant change in triglyceride levels.
Genetic Factors and Individual Variability
Influence of Genetic Polymorphisms
Individual responses to avocado consumption can vary based on genetic factors. A study examining single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to lipoprotein metabolism found that certain genetic profiles might influence how avocado consumption affects cholesterol levels. For example, individuals with specific SNPs in the GCKR and LPL genes showed different changes in total cholesterol levels when consuming avocados.
Conclusion
Overall, the evidence suggests that avocado consumption does not raise cholesterol levels. Instead, it appears to have a beneficial effect by increasing HDL cholesterol and reducing LDL cholesterol, particularly the harmful small, dense LDL particles. While individual responses may vary due to genetic factors, incorporating avocados into a balanced diet can be a heart-healthy choice. Further long-term studies are needed to confirm these findings and explore the impact on major cardiovascular events.
Sources and full results
Most relevant research papers on this topic