Dsm-5 antisocial personality
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Understanding Antisocial Personality Disorder in DSM-5
Overview of Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD) in DSM-5
Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD) in the DSM-5 is characterized by a pattern of disregard for, and violation of, the rights of others. Individuals with ASPD often engage in repetitive irresponsible, delinquent, and criminal behavior 1. The diagnosis is controversial due to its heterogeneity and overlap with other disorders 1.
DSM-5 Section III and Trait-Based Diagnosis
The DSM-5 includes an alternative model for diagnosing personality disorders, which uses a dimensional trait model. This model has gained support among clinicians for its operationalization of ASPD traits 2. Studies have shown that the Section III traits are consistent with clinicians' perspectives and empirical associations with ASPD 2. The trait-based model also provides a more nuanced understanding of ASPD and its overlap with psychopathy 39.
Genetic and Environmental Factors
Research has identified both genetic and environmental factors contributing to the development and persistence of ASPD. Twin studies have shown that ASPD has a significant heritable component, with common-factor heritability estimated at 51% 6. Environmental influences also play a crucial role, with factors such as childhood adversity and socio-economic status being significant contributors 16.
Comorbidity and Epidemiology
ASPD often co-occurs with other psychiatric disorders, including substance use disorders, mood disorders, and other personality disorders. The National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III found that ASPD is associated with significant comorbidity and disability, affecting approximately 4.3% of the U.S. adult population 7. This highlights the clinical and public health significance of ASPD and the need for effective prevention and treatment strategies 7.
Treatment Approaches
Treatment for ASPD remains challenging, but recent studies have explored various methods, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), biological treatments, and family therapy 10. Preliminary research suggests that addressing comorbid conditions may improve outcomes for individuals with ASPD 110.
Conclusion
ASPD in the DSM-5 is a complex and multifaceted disorder with significant genetic and environmental underpinnings. The alternative trait-based model in DSM-5 Section III offers a promising approach for better understanding and diagnosing ASPD. Despite the challenges in treatment, ongoing research continues to provide insights into effective strategies for managing this disorder.
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Most relevant research papers on this topic
Antisocial Personality Disorder: A Current Review
Recent studies have improved our understanding of antisocial personality disorder, identifying genetic and environmental factors that contribute to its development, and promising early research on treatment options.
Literature Review
Highly CitedClinician Perspectives of Antisocial and Borderline Personality Disorders Using DSM-5 Section III Dimensional Personality Traits.
Clinicians generally support the DSM-5 Section III trait operationalizations for antisocial and borderline personality disorders, with some exceptions for borderline PD.
Observational StudyExamining the associations between DSM-5 section III antisocial personality disorder traits and psychopathy in community and university samples.
DSM-5 Section III antisocial personality disorder traits are moderately strongly correlated with psychopathy in both university students and community-dwelling individuals, except for fearless-dominance/boldness domains.
Observational StudyHighly CitedStandardising antisocial personality disorder: the social shaping of a psychiatric technology.
The development and future of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) in the DSM-5 are shaped by path dependency and user and public imaginaries, influenced by the APA's debates.
Coverage of the DSM-IV-TR/DSM-5 Section II Personality Disorders With the DSM-5 Dimensional Trait Model.
The DSM-5 Dimensional Trait Model effectively covers diagnostic criteria for antisocial, borderline, avoidant, dependent, and narcissistic personality disorders, but could improve coverage for obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.
Observational StudyGenetic and Environmental Structure of DSM-IV Criteria for Antisocial Personality Disorder: A Twin Study
Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD) is a unidimensional diagnostic construct, with genetic and environmental correlations between its criteria being accounted for by a single common latent variable.
Observational Study
Very Rigorous JournalThe Epidemiology of Antisocial Behavioral Syndromes in Adulthood: Results From the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III.
One in four US adults exhibit syndromal antisocial behavior, with similar sociodemographic and psychiatric correlates and disability, emphasizing the need for effective prevention and treatment.
Observational StudyAntisocial personality disorder in DSM-5: missteps and missed opportunities.
The DSM-5 proposal for antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) has some positive aspects, but also some less desirable aspects, including a new personality trait system, incomplete trait profile, and missed opportunities to unify ASPD and psychopathy.
Examining the DSM-5 alternative personality disorder model operationalization of antisocial personality disorder and psychopathy in a male correctional sample.
The DSM-5 alternative model of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) better predicts psychopathy scores than the main diagnostic codes section of the DSM-5, with impairment criteria adding further predictive power.
Observational StudyHighly CitedThe Review of Antisocial Personality Disorder
Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) is a complex disorder influenced by environmental, biological, psychological, and social factors, and can be effectively treated with CBT, biological treatment, and family therapy.
Literature Review