Fever and vomiting in adults
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Fever and Vomiting in Adults: Common Causes and Clinical Patterns
COVID-19: Fever and Vomiting as Symptoms in Adults
Fever is a very common symptom in adults with COVID-19, often appearing alongside cough and other respiratory symptoms. Vomiting, while less frequent than fever, is also reported among adult patients, sometimes together with other gastrointestinal symptoms like diarrhea, nausea, and abdominal pain. These symptoms can occur in a wide range of adults, and vomiting is considered one of the possible, though less typical, manifestations of COVID-19, especially in younger adults under 30 years old. In older adults, confusion may be a more common atypical symptom, but vomiting still occurs in some cases 15.
Dengue Fever: High Prevalence of Fever and Vomiting
Dengue fever is another important cause of fever and vomiting in adults, particularly in regions where the disease is endemic. Fever is present in nearly all adult dengue cases, and vomiting is also very common, reported in up to 96% of patients in some studies. Other associated symptoms include headache, myalgia (muscle pain), abdominal pain, and skin rashes. Persistent vomiting, especially when combined with fever and low platelet counts, should raise suspicion for dengue fever, particularly in areas where dengue is common. Vomiting is also linked to more severe forms of the disease and is a significant marker for dengue diagnosis in adults 234.
PFAPA Syndrome: Periodic Fever and Vomiting in Adults
Although PFAPA syndrome (Periodic Fever, Aphthous Stomatitis, Pharyngitis, and Cervical Adenitis) is mostly known as a childhood condition, it can also affect adults. Adults with PFAPA may experience recurrent episodes of high fever, pharyngitis, and sometimes vomiting or nausea. While vomiting is less common than fever or sore throat, it is still reported in a notable proportion of adult cases. PFAPA should be considered in adults with unexplained, repeated fever episodes and accompanying symptoms such as pharyngitis and vomiting, especially if other causes have been excluded .
Conclusion
Fever and vomiting in adults are symptoms that can be caused by a variety of illnesses, including COVID-19, dengue fever, and, less commonly, PFAPA syndrome. Fever is almost always present in these conditions, while vomiting varies in frequency but is a significant symptom, especially in dengue and some COVID-19 cases. Recognizing the pattern of associated symptoms and considering the local epidemiology are key to identifying the underlying cause and guiding appropriate management 123456.
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