Fluoride charge
Pro Research Analysisby 
Searched over 200M research papers for "fluoride charge"
Understanding Fluoride Charge and Its Implications
Fluoride Ion Charge and Its Role in Chemical Reactions
Fluoride ions (F⁻) are negatively charged species that play a significant role in various chemical and biological processes. The charge of fluoride ions influences their interaction with other molecules and ions, leading to diverse applications and effects.
Intramolecular Charge Transfer in Fluoride Sensing
Fluoride ions can trigger intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) and photoinduced electron transfer (PET) in specific chemical compounds. For instance, Bodipy derivatives with silyl-protected phenolic functionalities exhibit different responses based on the position of the phenolate group. When the phenolate group is at the meso position, PET is triggered, whereas full conjugation via a styryl moiety to the Bodipy core results in strong ICT, causing a significant red shift in the absorbance peak . Similarly, a triphenylamine compound with three dimesitylboryl groups shows stepwise blocking of nitrogen-to-boron charge transfer pathways upon fluoride binding, leading to changes in luminescence properties .
Charge Distribution in Hydrogen Fluoride
The charge distribution in hydrogen fluoride (HF) can be analyzed using electron density maps and various wavefunctions. Studies have shown that different basis sets can result in significantly different charge distributions, highlighting the importance of careful selection in molecular calculations. These variations can be as substantial as the effects of chemical binding, necessitating caution in interpreting charge density fluctuations .
Fluoride as a Charge Carrier in Electrical Conductivity
Fluoride ions are also important charge carriers in electrical conduction, particularly in minerals like fluorite. Experimental studies have demonstrated that fluorine can significantly influence the electrical properties of Earth materials at elevated conditions. The electrical conductivity of fluorite increases with temperature, indicating that fluoride ions play a crucial role in charge transport .
Fluoride Detection Using Positively Charged Probes
In biological systems, positively charged ratiometric probes have been designed to detect fluoride ions efficiently. These probes, such as Mito-F and Lyso-F, target subcellular mitochondria and lysosomes, enabling fast and efficient fluorescent detection of fluoride ions in living cells and mice . This approach leverages the positive charge of the probes to sequester fluoride ions effectively.
Fluoride in Battery Technology
Fluoride ions are promising charge carriers for battery applications due to their high charge/mass ratio and small radius. Research has shown that copper electrodes can reversibly host fluoride in a saturated KF electrolyte, demonstrating significant capacity and potential for aqueous fluoride batteries .
Fluoride Adsorption and Environmental Impact
Fluoride is a toxic environmental contaminant, and its removal from drinking water is crucial. Adsorbents like basic calcium zinc carbonate (BCZC) have shown high potential for fluoride removal due to their high surface area and electrostatic interactions between the adsorbent surface charge and fluoride ions. This method is effective even in the presence of other anions, making it suitable for practical water treatment applications .
Fluoride-Driven Ionic Gates
Fluoride ions can regulate synthetic nanochannels, acting as anion-regulated gates. For example, a fluoride-driven ionic gate based on 4-aminophenylboronic acid-functionalized nanochannels can switch between "off" and "on" states in the presence of fluoride. This mechanism relies on the formation of various fluoride adducts, which alter the surface charge and wettability of the nanochannel, showcasing potential applications in biosensors and water quality monitoring .
Conclusion
Fluoride ions, with their negative charge, play a pivotal role in various chemical, biological, and environmental processes. From influencing charge transfer in sensing applications to acting as charge carriers in electrical conductivity and battery technology, fluoride's charge properties are integral to its diverse functionalities. Understanding these interactions and mechanisms is crucial for developing advanced materials and technologies for fluoride detection, removal, and utilization.
Sources and full results
Most relevant research papers on this topic