Grapes and digestive health

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Grape Polyphenols, Fiber, and Digestive Health

Grapes and their by-products, such as grape pomace and grape seed extract, are rich in polyphenols and dietary fiber, both of which play important roles in digestive health. These compounds interact with the gut environment in several beneficial ways, including regulating nutrient digestion and absorption, reinforcing gut morphology, protecting intestinal barrier integrity, and modulating inflammation and oxidative stress in the gut 157.

Grapes and Gut Microbiota Modulation

Multiple studies show that grape components, especially polyphenols and fibers, can significantly alter the gut microbiome. Grape pomace and grape powder have been found to increase the diversity of gut bacteria and promote the growth of beneficial strains such as Akkermansia, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus, while inhibiting the growth of certain pathogenic bacteria 2346910. These changes in the gut microbiota are linked to improved gut health and may help reduce the risk of obesity, insulin resistance, and other metabolic disorders 26910.

Intestinal Barrier Function and Inflammation

Grape polyphenols, particularly those from grape seed extract, have been shown to strengthen the intestinal barrier by increasing the expression of tight junction proteins, which help prevent harmful substances from passing through the gut lining. They also reduce inflammation and oxidative stress in the gut, which are important factors in the development of digestive diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer 157.

Effects on Nutrient Absorption and Metabolism

Grape pomace can regulate the digestion and absorption of nutrients by inhibiting digestive enzymes and modulating the expression of intestinal transporters. This can help control blood glucose and lipid levels, contributing to overall metabolic health . Additionally, grape consumption has been shown to alter hepatic and urinary metabolite profiles, indicating changes in how the body processes energy and manages oxidative stress .

Prebiotic Potential and Satiety

The fiber and polyphenols in grapes act as prebiotics, selectively promoting the growth of beneficial gut bacteria and increasing the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are important for gut health. Grape components also influence gut hormone levels, which can help regulate appetite and satiety 12.

Conclusion

Overall, research indicates that grapes and their by-products support digestive health by improving gut microbiota composition, enhancing intestinal barrier function, reducing inflammation, and regulating nutrient absorption. These effects may help prevent or manage digestive disorders and contribute to better overall metabolic health 12345678+2 MORE.

Sources and full results

Most relevant research papers on this topic

Grape Pomace as a Cardiometabolic Health-Promoting Ingredient: Activity in the Intestinal Environment

Grape pomace promotes cardiometabolic health by regulating nutrient digestion, absorption, and metabolism, and promoting gut function as a first line of defense against various disorders.

2023·

22citations

·D. Taladrid et al.

Uncovering the promising role of grape pomace as a modulator of the gut microbiome: An in-depth review

Grape pomace improves gut microbiome complexity, reduces obesity, and has cardioprotective effects, with potential prebiotic effects from its phenolic content.

Literature Review

2023·

19citations

·A. Sinrod et al.

Effect of Standardized Grape Powder Consumption on the Gut Microbiome of Healthy Subjects: A Pilot Study

Daily consumption of 46 g of grape powder significantly modified the gut microbiome and cholesterol/bile acid metabolism in healthy adults.

Very Rigorous Journal

2021·

30citations

·Jieping Yang et al.

The effects of grape and red wine polyphenols on gut microbiota - A systematic review.

Intake of grape and red wine polyphenols can modulate gut microbiota, contributing to beneficial microbial ecology and potentially enhancing human health benefits.

Systematic ReviewHighly Cited

2018·

121citations

·Victoria A. Nash et al.

Proanthocyanidin-Rich Grape Seed Extract Reduces Inflammation and Oxidative Stress and Restores Tight Junction Barrier Function in Caco-2 Colon Cells

Proanthocyanidin-rich grape seed extract reduces inflammation and oxidative stress in colon cells, improving gut health and reducing symptoms of metabolic syndrome.

In Vitro StudyVery Rigorous JournalHighly Cited

2020·

84citations

·R. Nallathambi et al.

Table grape consumption reduces adiposity and markers of hepatic lipogenesis and alters gut microbiota in butter fat-fed mice.

Table grape consumption can reduce adiposity and alter gut microbiota in mice fed a high-fat, butter-rich diet, potentially improving health outcomes.

Highly Cited

2016·

84citations

·J. Baldwin et al.

Grape Processing Waste: Effects on Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colorectal Cancer

Grape by-products, rich in bioactive compounds, can help reduce inflammation and promote healing in inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer.

2023·

9citations

·LUCAS FORNARI LAURINDO et al.

Addition of grapes to both a standard and a high-fat Western pattern diet modifies hepatic and urinary metabolite profiles in the mouse.

A grape diet reprogrammes gut microbiota metabolism, reduces hepatic oxidative stress, and enhances glucose utilization by the liver for energy production in mice.

Non-RCTAnimal Study

2022·

11citations

·D. Beyoğlu et al.

A polyphenol-rich fraction obtained from table grapes decreases adiposity, insulin resistance and markers of inflammation and impacts gut microbiota in high-fat-fed mice.

The polyphenol-rich extractable fraction from table grapes reduces adiposity, insulin resistance, inflammation, and gut microbiota in high-fat-fed mice.

Highly Cited

2016·

99citations

·Brian Collins et al.

Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract ameliorates inflammation and adiposity by modulating gut microbiota in high-fat diet mice.

Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract reduces inflammation and adiposity in high-fat diet mice by modulating gut microbiota composition, offering potential for prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders.

Non-RCTAnimal StudyVery Rigorous JournalHighly Cited

2017·

143citations

·Wen Liu et al.

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