Headache types and locations
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Headache Types: Migraine, Tension-Type, Cluster, and Secondary Headaches
Headaches are broadly classified into primary and secondary types. The most common primary headaches are migraine, tension-type headache (TTH), and cluster headache. Secondary headaches are caused by underlying conditions such as infections, trauma, or medication overuse 278.
Migraine Headache: Types and Pain Locations
Migraine is a frequent and often disabling headache disorder. Migraine pain is typically moderate to severe, often described as throbbing, and can be associated with neurological symptoms (aura) in some cases. The pain is most commonly unilateral (one side of the head), but can also be bilateral or shift sides. Common locations include the frontotemporal region, but pain can also occur in the occipital (back of the head), parietal (top), or even facial areas. The specific location can vary based on migraine type, gender, and presence of aura 1278.
Tension-Type Headache: Characteristics and Location
Tension-type headache is the most common primary headache. It is characterized by a dull, pressing, or tightening pain of mild to moderate intensity. The pain is usually bilateral (on both sides of the head) and often described as a band-like sensation around the head. Unlike migraine, tension-type headaches are not typically associated with nausea or vomiting, but may include sensitivity to light or sound 567.
Cluster Headache: Typical and Atypical Pain Locations
Cluster headache is a strictly unilateral headache, usually severe, and often occurs in association with autonomic symptoms like tearing or nasal congestion. The pain is most commonly located in the orbital (around the eye), supraorbital (above the eye), or temporal (side of the head) regions. However, pain can also be reported in the ear, nose, neck, shoulder, and, in rare cases, the occipital region (back of the head). Even when pain occurs in these less typical locations, cluster headache should still be considered if other features are present 347.
Secondary Headaches: Causes and Locations
Secondary headaches are caused by other medical conditions such as infections, trauma, or medication overuse. The location and nature of the pain can vary widely depending on the underlying cause. For example, medication-overuse headache (MOH) is a common secondary headache and can present with pain in various regions of the head 268.
Conclusion
Headache types are classified based on their causes and clinical features. Migraine often presents with unilateral, throbbing pain in the frontotemporal region but can affect other areas. Tension-type headache is typically bilateral and pressing, while cluster headache is strictly unilateral and usually periorbital but can sometimes occur in atypical locations. Secondary headaches have variable locations depending on the underlying cause. Understanding the type and location of headache pain is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment 12345678.
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