Health promotions
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Health Promotions: Insights from Recent Research
Financial Impact of Health Promotion Programs
Health promotion programs have been shown to significantly reduce employee-related health care expenditures and absenteeism. A comprehensive review of 72 studies found that high levels of stress, excessive body weight, and multiple risk factors are associated with increased health care costs and illness-related absenteeism. Conversely, health promotion programs, including fitness initiatives, are linked to lower absenteeism and reduced health care costs1 7.
Smartphones in Health Promotion
The advent of smartphones has revolutionized health promotion by providing new tools for health professionals and patients. Applications range from calorie counting and food diaries to exercise suggestions and lifestyle tips. Positive outcomes have been reported in areas such as fall prevention in the elderly and the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. However, challenges such as content monitoring, digital divide, data confidentiality, and the exclusion of health professionals from patient management remain significant concerns2.
Health Promotion for Older Adults
Health promotion for older adults has gained traction since the early 2000s, driven by the recognition that a healthy lifestyle is beneficial at every stage of life. Programs targeting the elderly focus on maintaining functional capacity, improving self-care, and stimulating social networks. These initiatives have been shown to inhibit disease development, prevent loss of functional capacity, and improve quality of life. However, the elderly, especially those aged 85+, often require more individualized approaches and professional involvement due to chronic conditions and limited functional capacity3.
Settings-Based Health Promotion
Settings-based health promotion has become a central approach over the past decade, emphasizing the importance of context in health promotion efforts. This approach moves away from individualistic methods and incorporates organizational sociology and psychology. Effective settings-based health promotion requires a detailed assessment of the setting, the skills of the health promoter, and the associated expectations. This method has been supported by policy directives and literature, although it also faces critical reviews4.
Workplace Health Promotions
Workplace health promotions (WHPs) have become a common practice, addressing health issues within organizational settings. However, these programs often violate cultural, privacy, confidentiality, and ethical boundaries. Applying communication privacy management theory, it is evident that WHPs require careful negotiation between employee and employer to manage these boundaries effectively. More research is needed from interpretive, critical, feminist, and postcolonial perspectives to fully understand the implications of WHPs5.
Health Promotion and Education
With the aging population and the limitations of biologistic and hospital-based treatment models, health promotion and education programs are essential. Studies have shown positive results in physical health, psychosocial aspects, adherence to preventative actions, and overall quality of life. These programs are particularly effective in improving daily living activities and reducing the risk of disabilities among the elderly9.
Social Marketing in Health Promotion
Social marketing is a powerful tool in health promotion, aiming to influence changes in individual and community behavior. Effective social marketing campaigns must design attractive messages, meet the needs of beneficiaries, and provide more benefits than costs. The success of these campaigns is enhanced when the message is delivered by a known organization and incorporates a well-thought-out marketing mix strategy10.
Conclusion
Health promotion programs, whether through workplace initiatives, smartphone applications, or targeted interventions for older adults, play a crucial role in improving health outcomes and reducing costs. The integration of social marketing and settings-based approaches further enhances the effectiveness of these programs. However, challenges such as privacy concerns, digital divide, and the need for individualized approaches must be addressed to maximize the benefits of health promotion efforts.
Sources and full results
Most relevant research papers on this topic
Financial Impact of Health Promotion Programs: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature
Health promotion programs can reduce absenteeism and healthcare costs, with fitness programs also showing a positive financial impact.
Systematic Review
Highly CitedSmartphones and Health Promotion: A Review of the Evidence
Smartphones can revolutionize health promotion, but risks like content monitoring, digital divide, and data confidentiality remain.
Systematic ReviewHighly CitedHealth promotion targeting older people
Health promotion for older people requires individualized approaches, considering limitations in health and daily activities, and focusing on immediate effects due to shorter life expectancy.
Highly Cited'Settings' based health promotion: a review.
Setting-based health promotion has evolved over the past decade, but requires detailed assessment of the setting, promoter skills, and associated expectations for effective implementation.
Literature ReviewHighly CitedExploring the Effects of Workplace Health Promotions: A Critical Examination of a Familiar Organizational Practice
Workplace health promotions can violate cultural, privacy, confidentiality, and ethical boundaries, requiring more research from diverse perspectives.
Health promotion--caring concern or slick salesmanship?
Health promotion may be confused by health workers and the public, and may conflict with health education goals.
Sales promotion in health and medicine: using incentives to stimulate patient interest and attention
Sales promotion in healthcare can enhance patient connections and market share by using incentives like free samples, coupons, contests, and loyalty programs.
Health Promotion and Education
Health promotion and education programs for the elderly can lead to positive improvements in physical health, psychosocial aspects, adherence to preventative actions, increased physical activity, and reduced disability risk.
Systematic ReviewEvaluating the Social Marketing Success Criteria in Health Promotion: A F-DEMATEL Approach
Effective social marketing in health promotion requires effective communication, meeting beneficiaries' needs, providing more benefits than costs, and considering customer orientation, organizational advantage, and market selection.
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