Ideal triglyceride level
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Ideal Triglyceride Levels: Insights from Recent Research
Triglyceride Levels and Coronary Artery Disease Risk
Research has consistently shown that triglyceride (TG) levels are a significant risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). A meta-analysis of various epidemiologic studies has confirmed that TG levels below 200 mg/dL are associated with elevated risk, suggesting that a more desirable TG level is below 100 mg/dL. This is supported by dietary studies of hunter-gatherer populations, which indicate that a TG level under 100 mg/dL is optimal for reducing CAD risk.
Optimal Triglyceride Levels for LDL-C Estimation
In Korean adults, the Friedewald formula for estimating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is accurate when TG levels are between 36 and 298 mg/dL. This range ensures minimal error in LDL-C calculations, which is crucial for accurate cardiovascular risk assessment and management.
Postprandial Triglyceride Levels
A study on Chinese subjects determined that a fasting TG level of 1.2 mmol/L (approximately 106 mg/dL) is optimal, and the corresponding postprandial TG cut-off value is 1.56 mmol/L (approximately 138 mg/dL). This finding is significant for evaluating TG levels in both fasting and postprandial states, providing a comprehensive approach to TG management.
Triglyceride Levels and Systemic Inflammation
Observational data suggest that TG levels above 100 mg/dL are associated with systemic inflammation, as indicated by elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. This association underscores the importance of maintaining TG levels below 100 mg/dL to minimize inflammation and reduce the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD).
Triglyceride Lowering and Cardiovascular Risk
While lowering TG levels with medications like pemafibrate can reduce TG, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol, and remnant cholesterol, it does not necessarily lower the incidence of cardiovascular events. This suggests that while TG management is important, it should be part of a broader strategy that includes other lipid parameters and lifestyle modifications.
Clinical and Economic Benefits of Lower Triglyceride Levels
Patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia who reduced their TG levels to below 500 mg/dL experienced fewer clinical events such as pancreatitis and cardiovascular incidents, along with lower healthcare costs. This highlights the clinical and economic benefits of maintaining lower TG levels.
Triglyceride Levels and Endothelial Function
Lower TG levels are associated with better endothelial function, which is crucial for cardiovascular health. Subjects with TG levels below 50 mg/dL exhibited significantly better flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) compared to those with higher TG levels. This finding supports the notion that extremely low TG levels are beneficial for vascular health.
Conclusion
The ideal triglyceride level for minimizing cardiovascular risk and systemic inflammation appears to be below 100 mg/dL. This level is associated with better endothelial function, fewer clinical events, and lower healthcare costs. While medications can help lower TG levels, a comprehensive approach that includes lifestyle changes is essential for optimal cardiovascular health.
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