Do kidney stones predict kidney disease?

Introduction

Kidney stones, also known as nephrolithiasis, are a common urological condition that can lead to significant morbidity. There is growing interest in understanding whether the presence of kidney stones can predict the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) or end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This synthesis aims to consolidate findings from multiple research studies to determine if kidney stones are a predictor of kidney disease.

Key Insights

Increased Risk of CKD and ESRD in Stone Formers:
- Kidney stones are associated with an increased risk of developing CKD and ESRD. Stone formers have a higher likelihood of elevated serum creatinine levels and reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) .
- Recurrent symptomatic kidney stone formers and those with asymptomatic stones have a higher risk of ESRD compared to those with incident symptomatic stones.
Impact of Stone Composition:
- Uric acid stones are particularly associated with a higher prevalence of CKD. Patients with uric acid stones tend to have worse renal function compared to those with other types of stones .
- Non-calcium-containing stones, such as struvite and uric acid stones, are linked to poorer renal function compared to calcium-containing stones.
Gender Differences:
- Women with a history of kidney stones are at a higher risk of developing CKD and requiring dialysis compared to men.
Metabolic and Genetic Factors:
- Metabolic abnormalities, such as hypercalciuria and hypocitraturia, are common in stone formers and can contribute to the risk of CKD .
- Genetic factors influencing calcium and vitamin D metabolism may also play a role in the risk of kidney stones and subsequent kidney disease.
Hypertension and Kidney Stones:
- Hypertension is a significant predictor of kidney stone disease, and hypertensive individuals are at a higher risk of developing kidney stones, which may subsequently lead to CKD.

Conclusion

The presence of kidney stones is a significant predictor of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease. This risk is particularly pronounced in individuals with recurrent or asymptomatic stones, those with uric acid stones, and women. Metabolic and genetic factors also contribute to this risk. Therefore, individuals with a history of kidney stones should be closely monitored for renal function to prevent the progression to CKD or ESRD.

Do kidney stones predict kidney disease?

Summary

Introduction

Key Insights

Conclusion

Sources and full results

Kidney stones and the risk for chronic kidney disease.

Kidney stones are a risk factor for chronic kidney disease, and studies are needed to assess screening and preventive measures for CKD in stone formers.

Genetic variants of calcium and vitamin D metabolism in kidney stone disease

Genetic variants associated with kidney stone disease may inform risk of kidney stone disease and facilitate precision medicine approaches targeting calcium-sensing receptor signaling or vitamin D activation pathways.

Risk of ESRD and Mortality in Kidney and Bladder Stone Formers.

Recurrent symptomatic kidney stone formers have a higher risk of end-stage renal disease, while asymptomatic and miscoded stone formers have a higher risk for all-cause mortality.

Predictive value of kidney stone composition in the detection of metabolic abnormalities.

Kidney stone composition has some predictive value in diagnosing medical conditions, especially for noncalcareous stones.

A prospective study of hypertension and the incidence of kidney stones in men.

Hypertension in middle-aged men is a significant predictor of kidney stone disease, rather than a consequence of renal damage caused by kidney stones.

Risk of chronic and end stage kidney disease in patients with nephrolithiasis.

A history of kidney stones is associated with an increased risk of chronic kidney disease and dialysis treatment in women, but not in men.

Uric acid stones increase the risk of chronic kidney disease

Uric acid stones are associated with a higher prevalence of chronic kidney disease, requiring close monitoring of renal function during follow-up.

Predictive Factors for Kidney Stone Recurrence in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Severity of diabetes and stone composition are strong predictors for kidney stone recurrence in type 2 diabetic patients, while HbA1c and urine pH are important modifiable factors.

Renal function in patients with urinary stones of varying compositions

Stone analysis is crucial for predicting renal function changes in patients with urolithiasis, and patients with non-calcium-containing stones should be carefully evaluated and treated to preserve renal function.

Metabolic risk factors in children with kidney stone disease

Specific urine metabolic risk factors are found in most children with kidney stones, with hypocitraturia as common as hypercalciuria, and a positive family history of renal stone disease in first- and second-degree relatives.

Try another search